Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HEMATOLOGY > 5.3.1 > Flashcards

5.3.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three important pathways of iron once it is utilise by the mithochondria?

A

-Heme Synthesis
-Fe-S clusters Biogenesis
-Mithochondrial Iron Storage (ferritin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the tetramer of four globin chains with heme attach to each globin chain?

A

-Hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

These are bonds that are located between the diamers.

A

-a1B2 and a2B1 bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the hormone secreted by the Hepatocytes?

A

-Hepcidin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What will happen if the Fe level is low?

A

-hepcidin will increase, recycling and absorption will also be activated. (if increase then the hepcidin will increase also but will inactivate the absorption of erythrocytes and the recycling of the macrophages and hepatocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most common form of anemia?

A

-IDA (iron dificiency anemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the good indicator of iron storage status and the first laboratory test that will result in abnormal IDA?

A

-Serum Ferritin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The sample of this test must be drawn early in the morning and required 12 hour fasting?

A

-Serum Iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This can be measured by a hematoflourometer or by an extraction of flourescence method?

A

-FEP (free erythrocyte porphyrin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Measures the maximum amount of iron that can bind to serum transferrin and an indirect measure of the protein transferrin?

A

-TIBC (total iron binding capacity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many grams of iron that the human body contain?

A

-4g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If the 60% of the iron stored in blood, then where’s the remaining of it stored?

A

-ferritin or hemosiderin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Disease that occurs when the iron stores in the body have been depleted?

A

-IDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What stage of IDA that the functional iron depletes and the blood becomes microcytic and hypochromic?

A

-Stage 3 (Stage 1 - storage iron & Stage 2 - transport iron)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of IDA?

A

-fatigue, weakness, diziness, pica, stomatitis, glossitis, koilonychia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Clinical symptoms of IDA that is when a person is craving or eating unusual food such as starch?

A

-Pica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sore tongue?

A

-Glossitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Spooning of the nails?

A

-Koilonychia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What will show under the microscope if the blood smear we used is from a patient that has IDA?

A

-Ovalocytes or pencil forms of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This is the 2nd most common form of anemia and most common in hospitalized patients?

A

-ACD (Anemia of Chronic Disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Erythocytes during ACD cannot aquire iron salvage due to the lack of lactoferritin receptors. What is this substance?

A

-Lactoferritin

22
Q

What influences the intestinal iron absorption and the release of iron in the macrophages?

A

-Hepcidin

23
Q

Substance secreted bby macrophages that inhibits erythropoiesis and stimulates neutrophils to lactoferrin?

A
  • IL 1
24
Q

What substance that increases when iron storage in the body becomes low and decreases when the storage becomes high?

A

-Transferrin

25
Q

Hepatocyte production of transferrin is regulated by?

A

-intracellular iron levels

26
Q

What is the hallmark of sideroblasmic anemia?

A

-Ringed sideroblast

27
Q

It is characterized by iron loading and the accumulation of ferric iron in the mithochondria due to a defect in the heme synthesis?

A

-Sideroblastic anemia

28
Q

Cells that are iron-containing normoblast in the Bone marrow.

A

-sideroblast

29
Q

Iron deposits in the sideroblast can be identified using what kind of stain?

A

-prussian blue stain

30
Q

What type of sideroblast where ringed sideroblast are visible?

A

-Type 3

31
Q

What are the cause of aquired secondary sideroblastic anemia?

A

-drugs and bone marrow toxins

32
Q

Most common cause of sideroblastic anemia.

A

-alcoholism

33
Q

Type of sideroblastic anemia that is associated with decrease ALA-synthase and BM erythroid hyperplasia?

A

-Idiopathic sideroblastic anemia

34
Q

Type of sideroblastic anemia that follows afterr exposure to certain drugs and toxins?

A

-Secondary sideroblasstic anemia

35
Q

Certain drugs that trigger secondary sideroblastic anemia.

A

-isoniazid
-cycloserine
-pyranizamide

36
Q

What is the coenzyme that inhibits the reactions of the drugs?

A

-pyridoxal-5’-phosphate

37
Q

What is the other name for Lead poisoning?

A

-Plumbism

38
Q

This disease seen mostly to children due to lead-based paint?

A

-Lead poisoning

39
Q

What is the acceptable levels of lead in children?

A

-15-40 ug/dl of WB

40
Q

Lead Inhibits:

A

-Ala dehydratase or PBG synthase (most sensitive)
-Heme synthesis
-Coproporphyrinogen oxide

41
Q

What is an enzyme that involves in the breakdown of RNA in reticulocytes that causes ribosomes to aggregates?

A

-Pyrimidine 56-nucleotidase

42
Q

It is the formation of blue or black deposits of lead sulphate near the teeth.

A

-gum lead line

43
Q

This is a inherited disorder cause by specific enzye defects necessary for the synthesis or protoporphyin resulting to decreased hemoglobin.

A

-Prophyrias

44
Q

What is the precursor of abnormal protoporphyin?

A

-Prophyrins

45
Q

Clinical Features of Major Porphyrias

A

-AIP
-CEP
-HCP
-VP
-PCT

46
Q

What is the screening test of urine, red blood cells and feces for porphyrins?

A

-Watson-schwartz test

47
Q

This is called to patient’s have bronze colored skin tht later develop to type 1 DM?

A

-Bronze diabetes

48
Q

This result from mutations that impair the Hepcidin-ferroportin iron regulatorry system.

A

-Heriditary hemochromatosis

49
Q

This also results from iron accumulation that causes little injury.

A

-Hemosiderosis

50
Q

These two forms during the body first reaction to store excess iron resulting tissue damage.

A

-ferritin and hemosiderin

51
Q

It is the iron aquisitions that exceeds the rate of loss.

A

-Iron Overload

52
Q

What are called the cracks in the corner of the mouth?

A

Stomatitis

HEMATOLOGY (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions