5.3 population Flashcards
factors the affect the rate of population
birth rate , death rate, immigration, emigration,net migration
net migration def
the difference between the number of people entering and
leaving a country during the year per 1000 people. (difference between
immigration and emigration)
the birth rate increases popu when
Fertility rate and infant mortality rate are high
Women are less educated and so tend to marry young.
There is lack of family planning and little access to contraception
the birth rate decreases popu when
Fertility rate and infant mortality rate are high
Women are less educated and so tend to marry young.
There is lack of family planning and little access to contraception
net migration how does it contribuate to poppu growth
People emigrate from their home countries for reasons such as: better job
opportunities, better lifestyle, warmer climates, lower taxes or to seek refuge
from conflict.
effects of changes in the size and structure of population on different countries
age distribution: the number of people in each age group
-high income countries have falling birth rates and decreasing death rates this leads to an ageing population which increases pressure on the working population to support pension payments healthcare cost and welfare benefits
-in lo income countries more than 1/3 is under 15
-gender distribututuion:number of males and females in a country’s popu
Optimum population
the size of the population where the output of goods and services per head of popu is maximised
how does consumer impact popu growth
if the popu is young they will spend a larger proportion of income in education housing toys if older their would spend more on healthcare-related costs
how does firms are affected by population growth
an geing popu reduces the supply of labour on the other hand a high birth rate and net immigration increases their is in an increase in labour force
how does an increase inpopu affect the gov
An increase in net immigration means more tax revenue.
An increase in the birth rate increases the government’s spending.
negative consquences of popu growth
- increases demand of scarce resources meaning prices may increases
- inflation
