5.3 Classification of Biodiversity

Question 1

Sub-species

Answer 1

subspecies group usually have unique features and are geographically isolated from main species.

Question 2

Hierarchy of Taxa

Answer 2

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species

Question 3

Why is Taxonomy important?

Answer 3

new species can be identified, evolutionary links can be made, characteristics of extinct animals can be identified.

Question 4

3 Domains

Answer 4

archaeans, bacteria and eukaryotes

Question 5

Archaeans

Answer 5

prokaryotic cells, no membrane bound organelles. They are found in very harsh environments (hot, salty, acidic)

Question 6

Archaeans

Answer 6

prokaryotic cells, no membrane bound organelles. They are found in very harsh environments (hot, salty, acidic)

Question 7

Bacteria

Answer 7

also prokaryotic with no membrane bound organelles.

Question 8

Eukaryotes

Answer 8

have complex cells with membrane bound organelles. Can be multicellular.

Question 9

Human hierarchy of taxa:

Answer 9

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primate
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: sapiens

Question 10

Bryophyta

Answer 10

e.g mosses, liverworts
live in moist terrestrial environments
non-vascular (lack transport tissue)
no 'true' roots stem 
reproduce via spores

Question 11

Filicinophyta

Answer 11

e.g ferns
live in moist terrestrial environments
vascular (posses xylem and phloem)
reproduce via spores but have alternative gametophyte generations

Question 12

Coniferaphyta

Answer 12

e.g pines
live in terrestrial environments
vascular
male cones (produce pollen) and female cones

Question 13

Angiospermophyta

Answer 13

e.g flowering plants
live in terrestrial environments
vascular
produce flowers with male and female gametes (pollen/ova)
produce seeds in flowers

Question 14

Porifera

Answer 14

e.g sponges
asymmetrical symmetry
no mouth or anus
pores throughout body
lose collection of cells

Question 15

Cnidaria

Answer 15

e.g. jellyfish
radial symmetry
mouth but no anus (sac gut)
hydrostatic skeleton

Question 16

Platyhelmintha

Answer 16

e.g. flatworms, tapeworms
bilateral symmetry
flat body
hydrostatic skeleton
mouth but no anus

Question 17

Annelida

Answer 17

e.g. earthworms, leeches
bilateral symmetry
segmented body
mouth and anus
hydrostatic skeleton

Question 18

Mollusca

Answer 18

e.g. snails, squid
bilateral symmetry
hydrostatic skeleton
mouth and anus
muscular foot and mantle

Question 19

Arthropoda

Answer 19

e.g. ants, beetles
bilateral symmetry
mouth and anus
exoskeleton (chitin)
jointed appendages

Question 20

Chordata

Answer 20

e.g. humans, cows
bilateral symmetry
mouth and anus
endoskeleton
pharyngeal slits
notochord and spinal column