5.2.1 Photosynthesis Flashcards
autotroph
organism that uses an external energy source and inorganic molecules to make complex organic molecules
heterotroph
organism that takes in complex organic molecules which act as a source of energy and as usable carbon compounds
requirements for photosynthesis
light, chlorophyll, CO2
Factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis
Chlorophyll, CO2, light, water, temperature
Where do the light dependant reactions take place
thylakoid membranes
Where do the light independant reactions take place
Stroma
Name all the parts of the chloroplast
- Outer membrane
- Inner membrane
- Stroma
- Grana
- Thylakoid
- Lipid droplet
- Starch grain
- Lamellae
- Ribosomes
Photosystems
funnel-shaped structures found in the thylakoid membrane containing photosynthetic pigments
Photosynthetic pigments
substances that can absorb certain wavelengths of light and reflect others in the photosystem. they appear in the colour of wavelengths they are reflecting
How do photosystems work
Energy associated by the wavelength of each accessory photosynthetic pigment captures is funneled down to the primary pigment reaction centre which is made of chlorophyll pigment
2 forms of chlorophyll-a
P680 & P700 (capturing red light)
P680 correlates to which photosystem
PSII
P700 correlates to which photosystem
PSI
wavelength absorbed by chlorophyll-b
400-500nm and 640nm
Which photosystem is chlorophyll-b mainly present in
Mainly in PSII, rarely in PSI
name the carotenoid (accessory) pigments
carotene & xanthophyll
What processes does the light dependant stage of photosynthesis consist of?
light harvesting, photolysis of water, photophosphorylation, NADPH formation
In a LDR, PSII contains an enzyme which in the presence of light can split _____ into ______, _________, and ______ in a process called __________
water, H+ ions, electrons, oxygen, photolysis
Photolysis of water balanced equation
2H2O —> 4H+ + 4e- + O2
After photolysis of water by the PSII, what happens to oxygen made?
diffused out of stomata or used in respiration
After photolysis of water by the PSII, what happens to electrons made?
electons replace those lost by the chlorophyll
What are the 2 types of phosphorylation
Non-cyclic and cyclic
Differences between non-cyclic and cyclic phosphorylation
Non- cyclic uses PSII & PSI, cyclic only uses PSI. Non-cyclic produces ATP, oxygen and NADPH, cyclic only produces ATP
