5.2 - self-efficacy Flashcards
define interaction
the combination of the situational and personality factors that decide the level of achievement motivation
define self confidence
belief in your ability to master a specific situation
according to Vealy, what is confidence based on?
- personality –> your level of competitiveness and achievement motivation
- Experience –> your amount of past success on the task and your belief in your ability to succeed in the future
- Situation –> playing at home / away
what are the types of confidence?
trait confidence
state confidence
define trait confidence
belief in your ability to do well in a range of sports
- innate, consistent, shown in most situations
define state confidence
belief in your ability to master a specific sporting moment
(how the performer rates their ability to perform at a particular moment)
- temporary (varies depending on the interaction of experience and personality)
what is Vealey’s model of self confidence?
- looks at influence of state and trait confidence, situation and competitive orientation
- suggests state and trait combine to produce confidence in an objective sporting situation (OSS)
- skill successful in past –> state and trait = high –> (OSS) takes into account the conditions + crowd pressure
- performer makes a judgement (subjective outcome) of how well they did whilst taking into account the (OSS)
- the result of this can lead to increased trait confidence and good competitive orientation
- performer is then prepared to try hard in most sporting situations –> develops approach behaviour
- if the subject outcome is bad then they will both decrease
define competitive orientation
how much a performer is drawn to challenging situations
define objective sporting situation
the performance is a combination of the type of skill and the situation the skill is being performed in
define self-efficacy
a belief in the ability to master a sporting situation
define emotional arousal
a perception of the effects of anxiety on performance
what is Bandura’s self-efficacy theory?
high self efficacy –> increases task persistence + motivation
- 4 factors affect confidence in any situation
- if all factors are positive then a highly satisfactory performance is created
what are the 4 factors that Bandura said affects confidence?
- Performance accomplishments (PE) - what you have done before
- Vicarious experience (VE) - seeing others (models) do it (most effective if of similar ability)
- Verbal Persuasion (VP) - reinforcement and encouragement (most effective from a significant other)
- Emotional Arousal (EA) - your interpretation of your level of anxiety (cognitive vs somatic symptoms)
how can you improve confidence using the 4 factors that affect confidence suggested by Bandura?
- PA - realistic goals, allow early success, point out past successful performances
- VE - show accurate demonstrations using attainable role models
- VP - avoid social comparison, reward, reinforcement, prais, attribute success internally
- EA - stress management to control arousal (e,g mental practice and imagery)
what is homefield advantage?
playing at home
- can cause different positive and negative responses
- effects are bigger if crowd is close to the pitch (+if crowd is big + hostile and more supportive)
