5.2 Flashcards
money has 4 principle reasons
- generally accepted medium of exchange for goods and services
- a unit of account in exchange
- a store of value for future exchange
- an income earning asset
they key to this is deferred gratification
an income earning asset
without money what is the only non-coercive means of exchange
barter
has very high transaction costs
barter
5 principle forms of money
1, commodity
- convertible
- fiat
- deposit
- super money
first form of money and has a high value/weight ratio
commodity
is a major transaction cost
transportation
three problems with commodity money
- debasement or corruption
- anything “precious” has an attractive alternative use
- no matter its value/weight, any commodity in quantity is bulky and heavy
the next step after commodity is
convertible paper money
currency issued by the State generally accepted as “money” within a given jurisdiction
fiat money
fiat money is paper currency issued by the state as a medium of: 4
- exchange
- unit of account
- store of value
- income earning asset
the expectation of market players about the productive capacity and balance payments of a country, backs
fiat money
the most important form of money is
deposit money
main means of settling transaction in the modern world
deposit money
the delay between deposit and withdrawal allows banks to
loan out deposits to earn interest
based on the changing market value of the stock market and other appreciating assets
super money
some argue credit cards are a form of money because of
deferred payment
refers to the time and cost associated with converting money into goods and services
liquidity
as one moves from M1 to M3 and onward, liquidity becomes
less and less
M1 (in Parkin and Bade)
bills and coins
the most liquid of monies
M1 (in Parkin and Bade)
personal deposits requiring a cheque or credit card and taking longer
M2 (in Parkin and Bade)
term deposits which require formalities and a penalty charge if taking longer
M3 (in Parkin and Bade)
one difficulty for policymaker lies in how to
measure relevant money supply
M3 is known as
broad money
broad money (M3) consists of (4)
- cash
- current account deposits
- savings deposits
- time-restricted deposits
M1 is known as
narrow momey
narrow money consists of (2)
- cash in circulation
2. current account deposits
is the most liquid measure
M0
M0 includes: (2)
- cash in circulation
2. cash in banks
M1 (in first year text)
currency and demand deposits
M2 (in first year text)
several “near” monies
deposits at credit unions, trust and mortgage loans companies and money market mutual funds
M2+ (in first year text)
Canada Savings Bonds and non money market mutual funds
M2++ (in first year text)
M1 (in Ragan and Lipsey)
currency and demand deposits
non-chequing accounts at the chartered banks
M2 (in Ragan and Lipsey)
deposits at credit unions, trust and mortgage loan companies and money market mutual funds
M2+ (in Ragan and Lipsey)
Canada Savings Bonds and non money market funds
M2++ (in Ragan and Lipsey)