5.1.1- The need for communication systems

Question 1

What is cell signalling?

Answer 1

The way in which cells communicate with each other

Question 2

What are the conditions that all living things need to maintain in their cells? (4 points)

Answer 2

1) Suitable temperature
2) Suitable ph
3) An aqueous environment that keeps the substrates and products in solution
4) freedom from toxins and excess inhibitors

Question 3

Why is it important that cells communicate with each other?

Answer 3

Cells are specialized and rely on each other in multi-cellular organism, therefore communication leads to co-ordination

Question 4

What is a stimulus?

Answer 4

The change in the environment

Question 5

What is a response?

Answer 5

The way in which the organism changes its behaviour or physiology.

Question 6

What is the environment for cells?

Answer 6

Tissue fluid

Question 7

How does the activity of the cells alter their enviorment

Answer 7

Metabolic activities, use up substrates and create new products. The unwanted or toxic products move out of the cell into the tissue fluid

Question 8

How is the composition of the tissue fluid maintained?

Answer 8

Maintained by the blood

Question 9

How are wastes or toxins accumulating in the tissue fluid removed?

Answer 9

Removed by the body by excretion

Question 10

Why is it important that the concentration of waste products or other substances in the blood are monitored closely?

Answer 10

To ensure that the body does not excrete too much of any useful substance, but removes enough of the waste products

Question 11

Why is a multi-cellular organism more efficient than a single-celled organism?

Answer 11

Its cells are differentiated

Question 12

What does a good communication require? (5 Points)

Answer 12

1) Cover the entire body
2) Enable cells to communicate with each other
3) Enable specific communication
4) Enable rapid communication
5) Enable both short-term and long-term responses

Question 13

What is the process in which cells communicate and how are they detected??

Answer 13

Cell signalling

Question 14

What are the two major system of communication that work be cell signalling? (2 Points)

Answer 14

1) Neuronal system

2) Hormonal system

Question 15

What is the neuronal system? (2 Points)

Answer 15

• An interconnected network of neurones that signal to each other across synapse junctions.
• Can conduct a signal very quickly and enable rapid responses to stimuli that may be changing quickly

Question 16

What is the hormonal system?

Answer 16

• A system that uses BLOOD to transport its signals. Cells in the endocrine organ release a signal (hormone) directly into the blood. The hormone is transported throughout the body, only recognised by specific target cells.
• Enables long term responses to be coordinated