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Geography1 > 5.1 water cycle: Global Hydrological cycle > Flashcards

5.1 water cycle: Global Hydrological cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cryosphere?

A

Water frozen in ice in solid form

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2
Q

What is the Biosphere?

A

Global Ecological system intergrating all living beings - Biological water

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3
Q

What is the Hydrosphere?

A

Water held in liquid form. eg in the ocean

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4
Q

What is the definition of blue water?

A

Water stored in lakes, streams and groundwater

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5
Q

What is Green Water?

A

Water stored in soils and vegetation

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6
Q

What is precipitation?

A

The movement of water in any form from the atmosphere to the ground

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7
Q

What is Evaporation?

A

The change in state of water from liquid to gas

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8
Q

What is Transpiration?

A

The diffusion of water from vegetation to the atmosphere

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9
Q

What is Evapotranspiration?

A

The combination of evaporation and transpiration - From ecosystems

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10
Q

What is Fossil water?

A

Ancient deep ground water from pluvial periods eg Sahara Desert

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11
Q

What is the order of water stores from largest to smallest?

A

-Oceans <= Largest
-Icecaps
-Groundwater
-Rivers and lakes
-Soil Moisture
-Atmospheric Moisture
-Biological water <=Smallest

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12
Q

What is the residence time of Oceans?
What is the % of fresh water in the ocean?

A

-3600 years
-0%

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13
Q

What is the residence time of Ice Caps?
What is the % fresh water in icecaps?

A

-15000 years
-67.8%

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14
Q

What is the residence time of Ground Water?
What is the % fresh water in Groundwater?

A

-Up to 10000yrs for deep, 100-200 for shallow
-30.1%

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15
Q

What is the residence time for Rivers and Lakes?
What is the % fresh water in Rivers and Lakes?

A

-Rivers- 2 weeks
-Lakes 10yrs, 50yrs for very large scale
-1.2%

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16
Q

What is the residence time for Soil Moisture?
What is the % fresh water in Soil Moisture?

A

-2-50 weeks
-0.05%

17
Q

What is the residence time for Atmospheric moisture?
What is the % fresh water in Atmospheric moisture?

A

-10 days
-0.04%

18
Q

What is the residence time of Biological water?

A

-1 week

19
Q

What are the 3 types of rain

A

Convectional
Orographic
Frontal/Cyclonic

20
Q

State the process of convectional rainfall

A

-Solar energy from ☀️ warms Surface
-Warms overlaying air
-Air expands+less dense =rises
-as air rises temp decreases
-airs ability to hold water decreases
-Reaches due point +saturation point
-Water vapour condenses around condensation nuclei
-Process continues untill rain falls
Eg tropics amazon
-

Geography1 (5 decks)

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