5.1 The internet and the world wide web Flashcards
What is internet?
a large global network that allows users to access the world wide web
What is the world wide web?
the collection of all the web pages and websites that have been made available
What is a URL?
another name for a text-based access for a websites
What are the 3 main components of the URL?
Protocol
Domain name
file name/web page name
What is the hypertext transfer protocol? (HTTP)
a protocol that is used for the transmission of web pages and related data across the internet
What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS
The HTTPS protocol is the standard HTTP protocol with a layer of security combined
What is a Web Browser?
a piece of software that receives and displays web pages
What are some functions of a web browser?
it provides a address bar
it keeps the users history
allows you to bookmark web pages
allows you to open multiple tabs at a time
it allows you to navigate between tabs
it stores cookies
Describe how web pages are located, retrieved and displayed on a device when a user enters a URL.
The web browser sends the URL to the DNS,
the DNS checks the URL for the domain name and searches for it and finds the equivalent IP address.
If it cannot find the domain name within its database it sends it to the next DNS this will repeat until the domain name is found,
if it is not found a message will be prompt to the user saying that it isn’t found,
if it is found the DNS will then send the IP address back to the web browser
The web browser will send a request to the web server using the retrieved ip address
If using HTTPS, SSL/TLS encryption between them is established for security
The web server processes the request and retrieves the requested web page
and sends HTML, CSS, JavaScript files that make up the webpage.
The browser receives the webpage data and processes it
Describe the process of when the web browser requests a web page and renders the HTML and CSS.
1 . The web browser uses the IP address to send a request to the web server in order to obtain the data for the webpage
- Web server send the data, including HTML, CSS and active script to the web browser
- The web browser then renders the HTML and CSS and runs the active script to display the web page
What is the hypertext markup language? (HTML)
a scripting language that is used to create wep pages
What is the cascading style sheets (CSS)
a scripting language that is used to create a presentation template for a web page. It includes what kind of font and color text will appear on the webpages
What is an active script?
is a script that is used to produce any of the interactive elements of a web page
What is a cookie?
a small text file that is used to store data
What type of things may a cookie store?
your username and password for a variety of accounts
your bank card details for buying products online
storing products in your shopping cart for later use/purchase
What are the 2 types of cookies?
Session cookie
Persistent cookie
State the difference between session and persistent cookies?
session cookies are a type of cookie that is deleted once the web browser is closed
persistent cookies on the other hand are a type of cookie that is stored in the web browser until it is deleted by the user or because it has expired
Why do some people have a problem with cookies?
Because they can be used for improper activities and feel like this is an invasion of their privacy.
Some people also believe that this data can be gathered to build a profile about you which adds the risk of identity theft
