5.1 The internet and the world wide web

Question 1

What is the internet?

Answer 1

A worldwide collection of interconnected series of devices and networks

Question 2

What is the full form WWW?

Answer 2

World Wide Web

Question 3

What does WWW mean?

Answer 3

A collection of websites and webpages accessed via the internet

Question 4

Differences between internet and WWW?

both- 4

Answer 4

Internet:
* User can send and recieve emails
* allows online chatting
* uses of transmission protocols (TCP) and internet protocols (IP)
* Worldwide Collection of Interconnected Networks and Devices

WWW:
* URLs (Uniform Resource Locator) are used for the location of the web pages
* Uses HTTP(S) protocols that are written using Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML)
* Web browsers can access web pages.
* Collection of webpages and other information on websites

Question 5

URL full form

Answer 5

Uniform Resource Locator

Question 6

What is the defination of URL?

Answer 6

A URL is a text-based address for a web page

Question 7

Three main components of URL

Answer 7

Protocol
Domain name
Web page / file name

Question 8

What protocol is used in URLs

Answer 8

HTTP or HTTPS

Question 9

A URL looks like this:

Answer 9

protocol://domain/path
E.g. https://www.example.com/index.html

the HTTPS protocol,
the domain name “www.example.com”,
the file name is “/index.html”.

Question 10

Full form of HTTP and HTTPS

Answer 10

HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTPS: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

Question 11

What is HTTP or HTTPs (defination)

Answer 11

They are set of rules that must be maintained while transmitting data between clients and servers

Question 12

Why is HTTP not safe

Answer 12

sends data in plain text format, making it vulnerable to interception and manipulation

Question 13

Why is HTTPS safer than HTTP?

Answer 13

uses encryption to protect data transferred between a client and a server, making it harder for unauthorised users to intercept or manipulate data

Question 14

What is the purpose of a Web Browser?

Answer 14

• to render and interpret hypertext markup language (HTML) and display web pages

Question 15

Functions of a web browser

6

Answer 15

1. – storing bookmarks and favourites
2. – recording user history
3. – allowing use of multiple tabs
4. – storing cookies
5. – providing navigation tools
6. – providing an address bar

Question 16

how are the web pages for the website are requested and displayed on a user’s computer

Answer 16

The browser sends the URL to the DNS [1]
The DNS returns the IP address matching to the URL to the browser [1]
The browser sends a request to the web server [1]
The web pages are sent from the web server to the browser
The browser interprets and renders the HTML to display web pages [1]

Question 17

What are cookies?

Answer 17

Cookies are small files that are stored on a user’s device by a website.

Question 18

Uses of cookies?

Answer 18

– saving personal details
– tracking user preferences
– holding items in an online shopping cart
– storing login details

Question 19

2 Types of cookies

Answer 19

session cookies
persistent cookies

Question 20

Session Cookies

Answer 20

• These are temporary and are stored only during a user’s browsing session
• Once the browser/website is closed the session is terminated
• They are used to maintain a user’s state or activity during a single session,

Question 21

Persistent Cookie

Answer 21

• Are stored on a user’s device for a longer period, usually for a few weeks to several years
• Used to remember user preferences and settings, such as language preferences, login details, and shopping cart items