5.1 Evolution

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

The cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population

Question 2

Evidence of evolution (5 ways)

Answer 2

1. Fossil record
2. Selective breeding
3. Vestigial structures
4. Homologous structures
5. Comparative DNA

Question 3

Fossil record

Answer 3

The sum of all discovered and undiscovered fossils which provide a dimension of time

Question 4

Fossil record gaps reasoning (3)

Answer 4

1. Fossilization occurs under special circumstances
2. Only hard parts of organisms are preserved
3. Fossils may be damaged; only fragments preserved

Question 5

Selective breeding

Answer 5

Process where humans breed animals or plants for particular traits

Question 6

Homologous structures

Answer 6

Structures similar in shapes of different organisms

Question 7

Pentadactyl limb in mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles (mention locomotive function of each)

Answer 7

A homologous structure found in dolphins (swimming), bats (flying), frogs (jumping), and turtles (digging)

Question 8

Speciation

Answer 8

The divergence of two or more species from one

Question 9

Species

Answer 9

The divergence of two or more species from one

Question 10

Speciation example

Answer 10

Darwin’s Galapagos Finches

Question 11

Darwin’s Finches

Question 12

Evolution of peppered moths

Question 13

Population