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Physics > 5.1-5.4 Work, Energy and Power Quizlet Cards > Flashcards

5.1-5.4 Work, Energy and Power Quizlet Cards Flashcards

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1
Q

What is work done equivalent to?

A

Energy Transferred

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2
Q

What are the SI base units equivalent to the Joule?

A

kgm²s⁻²

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3
Q

How is work done calculated?

A

W = F x cosΘ (distance moved x component of the force in the direction of motion)

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4
Q

What is Θ in W = F x cosΘ?

A

The angle between the force and motion.

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5
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity of one object or system to do work (or cause a change) on another.

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6
Q

What is represented by the area under a force-distance graph?

A

Work done.

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7
Q

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

A

The energy of a closed system always remains constant. Energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred.

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8
Q

What form of energy is due to the motion of a mass?

A

kinetic energy

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9
Q

What form of energy is due to the position of a mass in a gravitational field?

A

gravitational potential energy

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10
Q

What form of energy is due to the bonds between atoms in a substance?

A

chemical energy

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11
Q

What form of energy is due to a reversible change in shape of an object?

A

elastic potential energy

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12
Q

What form of energy is due to the position of a charge in an electric field?

A

electrical potential energy

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13
Q

What form of energy is due to the forces between protons and neutrons in an atom?

A

nuclear energy

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14
Q

What form of energy is due to electromagnetic waves?

A

radiant energy

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15
Q

What form of energy is due to the mechanical wave motion of atoms?

A

sound energy

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16
Q

What form of energy is due to randomly distributed potential and kinetic energies of the atoms within a system?

A

thermal energy

17
Q

What effect does friction have on the energy of a moving object?

A

Transfers kinetic energy primarily to thermal energy

18
Q

Describe the energy transformations for an object sliding downhill at constant speed.

A

Gravitational potential energy decreases at the same rate as work is done by friction.

19
Q

Describe the energy transformations for a vehicle travelling uphill at constant speed.

A

Work is being done by the driving force and this is equal to the gain in gravitational potential energy plus work done by friction

20
Q

What is power?

A

Power is the rate at which work is done P = W/t

21
Q

What is the derived unit of Power?

A

Watt (W)

22
Q

What are the equivalent SI base units of the Watt?

A

kgm²s⁻³

23
Q

What is the equation P = Fv used for?

A

The power developed by an object moving at constant speed against a constant resistive force.

24
Q

How is % efficiency calculated?

A

(Useful output energy/total input energy) x 100

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