5.1

Question 1

Thermochemistry

Answer 1

the study of the energy
changes that accompany physical or chemical
changes in matter

Question 2

Energy

Answer 2

the ability to do work

Question 3

Work

Answer 3

the amount of energy transferred by a
force over a distance

Question 4

Potential Energy

Answer 4

the energy of a body or
system due to its position or composition

Question 5

Kinetic Energy

Answer 5

the energy of an object due
to its MOTION

Question 6

the energy associated with chemical bonds is

Answer 6

potential energy

Question 7

Thermal Energy

Answer 7

total quantity of kinetic and
potential energy in a substance

Question 8

thermal energy depends on…

Answer 8

how fast entities in a substance are moving

Question 9

heat

Answer 9

transfer of thermal energy from a warm object to a cooler object

Question 10

“cold” is simply…

Answer 10

the absence of heat

Question 11

Temperature

Answer 11

average kinetic energy of
entities in a substance

Question 12

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 12

energy cannot be created or
destroyed

Question 13

Chemical system

Answer 13

a group of reactants and products being studied

Question 14

Surroundings

Answer 14

all matter that is not part of the system

Question 15

Open System

Answer 15

both matter and energy are free to enter and leave the system

Question 16

Closed System

Answer 16

energy can enter and leave the system, but not matter

Question 17

isolated system

Answer 17

neither matter nor energy can move into or out of the system

Question 18

exothermic reaction

Answer 18

Chemical reaction that releases energy to the
surroundings

Question 19

for an exothermic reaction, products have ______ PE than the reactants

Answer 19

lower

Question 20

for an exothermic reaction, temperature of the surroundings will ________

Answer 20

increase

Question 21

endothermic reaction

Answer 21

chemical reaction which absorbs energy
from the surroundings

Question 22

for an endothermic reaction, products have ______ PE than the reactants

Answer 22

higher

Question 23

are nuclear reactions all exothermic or endothermic?

Answer 23

exothermic

Question 24

what are the 2 nuclear reactions that involve large quantities of energy

Answer 24

fusion and fission

Question 25

what is fusion

Answer 25

the process of combining two or more nuclei of low atomic mass to form a heavier, and more stable nucleus

Question 26

what is fission

Answer 26

the process of using a neutron to split a nucleus of high atomic mass into two nuclei with smaller masses

Question 27

specific heat capacity

Answer 27

the quantity of thermal energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 degree celcius

Question 28

Calorimetry

Answer 28

the process of measuring thermal energy changes during a physical or chemical change

Question 29

what must a calorimeter contain

Answer 29

a well-insulated reaction chamber at constant pressure, a tight-fitting cover with insulated holes for a thermometer, and a stirrer

Question 30

in a calorimeter, any change in the thermal energy of the system is detected as a ________

Answer 30

temperature change

Question 31

what calorimeter is used for gases?

Answer 31

a bomb calorimeter

Question 32

enthalpy

Answer 32

total amount of thermal energy in a substance

Question 33

how is enthalpy measured

Answer 33

cannot be measured but can be calculated using calorimetry data

Question 34

enthalpy change

Answer 34

the energy released to or absorbed from the surroundings during a chemical or physical change

Question 35

as long as pressure remains constant, delta h =

Answer 35

q system

Question 36

molar enthalpy change

Answer 36

the enthalpy change associated with a physical, chemical or nuclear change involving 1 mol of a substance

Question 37

For molar enthalpy change of formation of a product, the coefficient in the equation must always ___

Answer 37

1

Question 38

thermochemical equation

Answer 38

a chemical equation that describes the enthalpy change of a reaction