5001 Practice Exam Questions Flashcards
How much IV fluid would you give to a 63 year old male patient in PEA arrest secondary to anaphylaxis that weighs 84kg?
20ml/kg
= 1680mls
What does IMIST AMBO stand for?
Identification Mechanism/medical issue Injuries/information Signs and symptoms Treatment
Allergies
Medications
Background information
Other information
What is the time interval between defibrillation and IV adrenaline doses in the adult normothermic cardiac arrest patient?
2min and 4 min
According to the PSA a patient with the following observations would be considered to have what perfusion status? HR 53, BP 90/50, cool, pale and clammy skin and GCS 15
Borderline Perfusion
What are the six metrics of high performance CPR?
- rate of 100-120 compressions per minute
- 5cm depth of the chest
- allow for full recoil
- 50:50 compression release duty cycle
- Minimise interruptions to CPR
- Change operator every 2 minutes
When does the BVM provide oxygen?
When the bag is squeezed and it automatically refills when it is released
When verifying a death, how long do you need to listen for heart sounds?
2 minutes
What are the 4 main differences in the paediatric respiratory system that needs to be taken into consideration when assessing and managing paediatric patients?
- paediatric patients have enlarged tonsils
- airway is softer so ensure neutral head positioning
- Padding may be required under the shoulders to maintain neutral alignment
You attend a child in cardiac arrest, according to AV paediatric weight calculations what is the calculated weight of a 9 year old?
weight = age x 2 + 8 answer = 26kgs
Discuss the role of PEEP in optimising ventilation in the patient who has achieved ROSC post medical cardiac arrest. What is the aim of applying PEEP and what might be some benefits and side effects of this intervention on the patient?
Benefits
- PEEP splints, recruits and oxygenates the alveoli.
- Optimised oxygenation by preventing alveolar collapse
Side effects can cause - hypovolaemia/hypotension - worsen tension pneumothorax - elevate ICP - no pulse = no peep
The _____ is the outermost layer of the brain cells. Thinking and voluntary movements begin in this region of the brain
Cortex
What is the normal conduction pathway through the heart?
SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibres
Explain in detail the pathophysiology of the tension pneumothorax and how this relates to the signs or symptoms of the patient?
- A tension pneumothorax is an accumulation of air in the pleural space that cannot escape. This accumulation raises intra thoracic pressure leading to collapse of the affected lung and subsequent restriction of function of the other structures of the heart, opposite lung and diaphragm. Increase ITP causes decreased venous return and cardiac output. If not treated results in PEA
Explain the procedure undertaken to perform chest decompression in the pre-hospital setting using the ARDS decompression needle
- SMART Ambo
- Second intercostal space
- Midclavicular line (avoiding medial placement)
- Above third rib (avoiding neurovascular bundle)
- Right angles to the skin
- Tilt the bevel towards the spine
- Bilat chest decompression do the right then the left (mediastinal shift secondary to right sided TPT can displace the heart to the left side, creating the potential for accidental puncture of the heart if the left side were decompressed first)
- If you hit a haemopneumo - take needle out and apply pressure
On the ECG the T wave represents…
Ventricular repolarisation
