Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychiatry Week 2 2018/19 > 5: Psychosis: Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and differentials > Flashcards

5: Psychosis: Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders and differentials Flashcards

1
Q

What is psychosis?

A

Impaired relationship with reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are four features of psychosis?

A

Delusions

Hallucinations

Disordered thinking

Passivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is psychosis a disease?

A

No

Symptom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In psychosis, our thoughts (match / differ from) reality.

A

thoughts do not match reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a delusion?

A

Irrational, deeply held belief about yourself or others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of delusions?

A

Thought insertion - your thoughts are not your own, they’re someone else’s

Thought withdrawal - someone else is removing thoughts from your mind

Thought control - someone is controlling your thoughts

Thought broadcasting - other people can tell what you’re thinking

Delusions of grandeur - you’re someone famous, Jesus etc…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a delusion of reference?

A

Irrational idea that a person, object or idea is more personally significant than it actually is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Do patients with psychosis know that they are ill?

What is this sign called?

A

No

Lack of insight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is thought disorder?

A

A feature of psychosis which include:

difficulty ordering thoughts, words or phrases

poverty of speech i.e not being able to muster anything to say

irrelevancies, tangents

illogical ideas

repetition of particular words or phrases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a hallucination?

A

Perception which occurs in the absence of an external stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some forms that hallucinations can take?

A

Visual

Auditory

Olfactory

Gustatory (taste)

Tactile (touch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Delusions that your thoughts, actions or perceptions are being controlled by someone else are also known as delusions of ___.

A

passivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of delusion involves attachment of personal significance to events by a patient?

A

Ideas of reference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Patients may have ___ beliefs about hallucinations they have experienced.

A

delusional beliefs

e.g “my visions are being transmitted to me by the Mafia” - thought insertion delusion ABOUT a hallucination the patient has experienced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The content of delusions is often related to the ___ beliefs of the patient.

A

cultural beliefs

religious, popular culture, current events etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a neologism?

What symptom of psychosis is it an example of?

A

Newly invented word or phrase

Thought disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is tangentiality?

A

Tendency to go off on unrelated strings of thought instead of holding to the same subject

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Knight’s move thinking?

A

Tendency to jump from one subject to an unrelated one

compared to a knight jumping around a chessboard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is word salad?

A

Strings of seemingly unrelated words or phrases

20
Q

Give some examples of thought disorder.

A

Neologisms - new words or phrases

Word salad

Tangentiality

Knight’s move thinking

Clanging and punning - relating words by sound rather than meaning

21
Q

Delusions that another party is controlling your thoughts, behaviour or perceptions are known as ___ delusions.

A

passivity delusions

22
Q

To confirm that a patient’s beliefs are psychotic, you need to challenge them with logic and reason.

What can you lose by doing this?

A

Patient relationship, rapport

so you need to be careful

23
Q

Apart from schizophrenia, what other conditions may cause psychotic symptoms?

A

Acute: delirium, dementia, stroke

Substance use: intoxication, withdrawal, delirium tremens

Mood disorders: dementia, bipolar, schizoaffective disorder

24
Q

Auditory delusions of schizophrenia often refer to the patient from which point of view?

A

Third person

(He/she/they are x, y, z)

It’s like you’re being talked about by other people

25
Q

Auditory delusions of depressive disorders often refer to the patient from which point of view?

A

2nd person

(You)

Self-criticism

26
Q

Patients with acute psychotic symptoms caused by an underlying substance abuse problem, delirium or head injury will not have schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

True or false?

A

False

May be underlying

27
Q

Name two examples of schizoaffective disorders.

A

Depressive psychosis

Mania with psychosis

28
Q

What types of delusions and hallucinations do patients with depressive psychosis experience?

A

Delusions of guilt, worthlessness, poverty - downer delusions

2nd person auditory delusions - hearing putdowns, criticisms etc.

29
Q

What type of

a) delusions
b) hallucinations
c) thought disorders

do patients with manic psychosis experience?

A

a) Delusions of grandeur, reference, superhuman powers

b) 3rd person auditory delusions e.g God’s voice

c) Flight of ideas - tangentiality, clanging and punning, neologisms

30
Q

What acute psychiatric disorder, common in the elderly, can present as psychosis?

A

Delirium

31
Q

Which psychiatric manual is used to diagnose schizophrenia and related disorders?

A

ICD-10

32
Q

What are Schneider’s First Rank symptoms?

A

Symptoms used to diagnose schizophrenia

i.e delusions, hallucinations, thought disorder and passivity

33
Q

Based on ICD-10, how long must a patient be experiencing symptoms for before they can be diagnosed with schizophrenia?

A

1 month

34
Q

What are three important subtypes of schizophrenia?

A

Paranoid schizophrenia - characterised by paranoid delusions of persecution, threat etc.

Hebephrenic or disorganised - seen more in young patients, characterised by disordered thoughts

Catatonic - characterised by anhedonia, anergia, slowed movements

35
Q

Schizophrenia is often described in terms of positive and negative symptoms.

What is included under each heading?

A

Positive - the addition of something e.g delusions, hallucinations, disordered thinking, passivity

Negative - loss of something e.g amotivation, anergia, mutism, flattened affect

36
Q

Schizophrenia has a ___ period, with minor cognitive and behavioural symptoms.

A

prodromal period

weeks - months before onset

37
Q

What is a person’s lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia?

A

1%

38
Q

Schizophrenia is more common in (men / women).

A

men

39
Q

At what age range does schizophrenia present in

a) men
b) women?

A

a) 15 - 25

b) 25 - 35

remember than it’s more common in males AND they present earlier

40
Q

How do we know that schizophrenia has a genetic component?

A

Concordance in twin studies

41
Q

What maternal factors seem to have an effect on the child’s risk of developing schizophrenia?

A

Viral infection

Complicated birth

Fx of psychiatric illness

42
Q

The use of which drug increases your risk of developing schizophrenia?

A

Cannabis

43
Q

Cannabis is a ___ drug which seems to increase your risk of developing schizophrenia.

In which groups especially?

A

hallucinogenic drug

adolescents - developing brains

44
Q

Living where increases your chances of developing schizophrenia?

A

Urban areas e.g large cities

45
Q

What is the course of schizophrenia?

A

May be relapsing and remitting or progressively deteriorating, depends

46
Q

What is the suicide risk in patients with schizophrenia?

A

10 - 15%

47
Q

How common is homicide by the hands of patients with schizophrenia?

A

Relatively uncommon

Psychiatry Week 2 2018/19 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions