5- processes

Question 1

combustion reaction def

Answer 1

fuel burns in oxygen to produce combustion products and often a flame

Question 2

greenhouse gas def

Answer 2

any of several atmospheric gases that allow solar radiation to pass through them but absorb infrared (trap thermal energy)

Question 3

organic compound def

Answer 3

a molecular compound that contains one or more carbon-carbon bonds and often one or more carbon-hydrogen bonds

Question 4

complete combustion means

Answer 4

there’s excess oxygen

Question 5

incomplete combustion means

Answer 5

there’s limited oxygen

Question 6

tip for balancing complete combustion reactions

Answer 6

balance C atoms
then O
then H

Question 7

oxide def

Answer 7

compound made of any element + oxygen

Question 8

acid def

Answer 8

a compound that produces HYDROGEN ions when its mixed w/ water, forming a solution that conducts electricity, tastes sour, turns blue litmus red, and neutralizes bases

Question 9

base def

Answer 9

a compound that produces HYDROXIDE ions when mixed w/ water, forming a solution that conducts electricity, tastes bitter, turns red litmus blue, and neutralizes acids

Question 10

pH scale

Answer 10

a numerical scale from 0-14 comparing the ACIDITY of solutions

Question 11

acidic oxide def

Answer 11

an oxide that forms an acidic solution when dissolved in water; a non-metallic oxide

Question 12

basic oxide def

Answer 12

an oxide that forms a basic solution when dissolved in water; a metallic oxide

Question 13

what 2 things can acids be neutralized by?

Answer 13

either a hydroxide compound (base) or a carbonate compound

Question 14

remediation

Answer 14

the process of treating contaminated land/water so that it’s safe for use

Question 15

contaminated land

Answer 15

kand that contains hazardous substances in sufficient concentration to pose a threat to human health or the environment

Question 16

3 types of remediation

Answer 16

physical
chemical
biological

Question 17

physical remediation example

Answer 17

soil flushing (large volumes of a fluid pumped through soil)

Question 18

chemical remediation 3 examples

Answer 18

stabilization/solidification (converting a contaminant to a safe form)
electrolysis (inserting conductors in the ground to attract bad ions in moist ground)
chemical oxidation (large drills injected into the ground)

Question 19

what is biological remediation called?

Answer 19

bioremediation - using ORGANISMS to treat contaminated land/water

Question 20

example of bioremediation

Answer 20

phytoremediation (using/growing plants in contaminated areas)

Question 21

what is green chemistry

Answer 21

why generate pollution if there is a greener alternative?

Question 22

5 principles of green chemistry

Answer 22

1. use renewable materials
2. use chemicals with less impact
3. use catalysts to be efficient
4. use less energy
5. waste not