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Aaron's Drivers Test Cards- P&A > 5. Principles Of Water > Flashcards

5. Principles Of Water Flashcards

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1
Q

Force per unit area

A

Pressure

Page 170

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2
Q

A simple measurement of weight and is expressed in pounds or newtons

A

Force

Page 170

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3
Q

Any influence that causes a change in the speed, direction, or shape of a substance.

A

Force

Page 171

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4
Q

First principle of water:

A

Fluid pressure is PERPENDICULAR to any surface on which it acts.

Page 172

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5
Q

Second principle of water:

A

Fluid pressure at a point in fluid at rest is the SAME intensity in ALL DIRECTIONS.

Page 172

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6
Q

Third principal of water:

A

PRESSURE applied to a CONFINED fluid is transmitted EQUALLY in all directions.

Page 172

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7
Q

Fourth principal of water:

A

The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to its DEPTH.

Page 173

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8
Q

Fifth principle of water:

A

The pressure of a liquid in open vessel is proportional to the DENSITY of the liquid.

Page 173

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9
Q

These devices allow those lines on the lower floors to be more easily controlled, while allowing the high pressure required to access upper floors.

A

Pressure-regulating devices

Page 173

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10
Q

Sixth principle of water:

A

The pressure of a liquid at the bottom of a vessel is INDEPENDENT OF THE SHAPE of the vessel.

Page 174

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11
Q

Refers to the height of water supply above the discharge office.

A

Head

Page 175

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12
Q

Stored potential energy available to force water through pipes, fittings, hose, and adapters.

A

Static pressure

Page 175

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13
Q

Portion of the total available pressure not used to overcome friction loss or gravity while forcing water through pipes, fittings, hose, and adapters.

A

Residual pressure

Page 176

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14
Q

Refers to the centerline of the pump or the bottom of a static water supply source above or below ground level

A

Elevation

Page 176

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15
Q

The rougher the inner surface of the pipe (commonly referred to as____)the greater the friction loss will be.

A

Coefficient of friction

Page 177

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16
Q

First principle of friction loss:

A

Friction loss varies directly with the LENGHT of the hose or pipe.

Page 178

17
Q

Second principle of friction loss:

A

Friction loss varies u with the square of the increase in VELOCITY of flow.

Page 178

18
Q

Third principal of friction loss;

A

Friction loss varies inversely as the fifth power of the DIAMETER of the hose.

Page 179

19
Q

Fourth principal of friction loss:

A

For a given velocity, friction loss is approximately the same, regardless of the pressure on the water.

Page 179

20
Q

_____pressure will always be greatest near the source of supply and lowest at the furthest point in the system.

A

Flow

Page180

21
Q

If the velocity is increased beyond this point, the friction will become so great that the entire system is agitated by resistance. This agitation causes a degree of turbulence known as:

A

Critical velocity

Page 181

22
Q

Water may be treated by:

4things

A

Coagulation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Addition of- chemicals/bacteria/other organisms

Page 184

23
Q

A fire hydrant that receives water from two or more directions

A

Circulating feed or looped line

Page 184

24
Q

Grid arrangement of smaller main serving individual fire hydrants and blocks of customers.

A

Distributors

Page 185

25
Q

Valves in private fire protection systems are usually of this type

A

Indicating valve (post)

Page 186

26
Q

Two common indicator valves are:

A

Post indicator valve

Outside screw and yoke

Page 186

27
Q

Most common type of valve used on most public water distribution systems

A

Nonindicating /Gate valve

Page 186/187

28
Q

_______gate valve should be marked with a number indicating the number of turns necessary to completely close the valve.

A

Nonrising-stem

Page 187

29
Q

The average amount of water used PER DAY based on the total amount of water used in a water distribution system over the period of ONE YEAR.

A

Average daily consumption (ADC)

Page 188

30
Q

The maximum total amount of water that was used during any 24 HOUR interval within a 3 YEAR PERIOD.

A

Maximum daily consumption (MDC)

Page 188

31
Q

Maximum amount of water used in any ONE HOUR interval over the course of A DAY.

A

Peak hourly consumption (PHC)

Page 188

Aaron's Drivers Test Cards- P&A (20 decks)

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