Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproduction Week 6 2018/19 > 5: Pelvic masses > Flashcards

5: Pelvic masses Flashcards

1
Q

Which organs may be involved in a patient with a pelvic mass?

A

Bladder

GI - large/small bowel, rectum

Gynae - uterus, Fallopian tubes, ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a common GI condition which can present with abdominal pain and a pelvic mass?

A

Constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which renal problem may cause an abdominal mass on examination?

A

Urine retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which female genital tract structures may cause a pelvic mass?

A

Uterus (including endometrium and cervix)

Fallopian tubes

Ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most common reason for a uterine mass?

A

Uterine fibroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Among women, what is the most straightforward reason for a uterine mass?

A

Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are uterine leiomyomas also known as?

A

Fibroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the underlying pathology of uterine fibroids?

A

Leiomyomas

Benign smooth muscle tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which cancers can cause the uterus to enlarge?

A

Cervical cancer

Endometrial cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a common presentation of endometrial cancer?

A

Post-menopausal bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In which age group are uterine fibroids common?

A

Women aged > 40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Uterine fibroids are often an incidental finding on examination - why?

A

Asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If uterine fibroids are symptomatic, what do women complain of?

A

Menorrhagia (heavy bleeding)

Pelvic mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In which situation do uterine fibroids cause pain?

A

Infarction due to loss of blood supply

called ‘red degeneration’ because the fibroid has a red, ischaemic appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are suspected uterine fibroids investigated?

A

USS pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which imaging modalities can be used to look at uterine fibroids?

A

USS pelvis

MRI scan

17
Q

What is the most common management of uterine fibroids?

A

Expectant management if woman is < 40 and wants to start a family

Surgical management i.e hysterectomy otherwise

18
Q

What are the surgical management options for uterine fibroids?

A

Hysterectomy (definitive, effective treatment - family planning issue)

Uterine artery embolisation

Myomectomy

19
Q

What is an obstetric emergency which causes the Fallopian tube to swell?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

20
Q

How does ectopic pregnancy present?

A

Initially: amenorrhoea, light bleeding, mild abdominal (maybe shoulder tip) pain

Ruptured: severe pain, heavy bleeding + signs of shock

21
Q

In any woman with amenorrhoea and gynae symptoms, what must you exclude using imaging?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

22
Q

Which diseases of the ovaries can cause a pelvic mass?

A

Tumours - benign and malignant

Cysts

Endometriosis

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (note these aren’t actually cysts)

23
Q

What is a benign disease of the ovaries which affects most women at some point in their lifetimes?

A

Ovarian cyst

24
Q

Do most ovarian cysts require treatment?

A

No

Usually resolves themselves

25
Q

Which disease causes patches of uterine tissue to grow in the Fallopian tubes, ovaries and peritoneal cavity?

A

Endometriosis

26
Q

What are the symptoms of endometriosis?

A

Pelvic pain

Painful periods

Menorrhagia

27
Q

Which kind of ovarian cyst is caused by endometriosis?

A

Ovarian endometrioma

or ‘chocolate cyst’, because it’s reddy/brown in appearance

28
Q

Which types of tumour are seen on the ovaries?

A

Epithelial tumours

Germ cell tumours

Stromal tumours

29
Q

What are epithelial tumours of the ovary called?

A

Cystadenomas (cystadenocarcinomas)

30
Q

Which germ cell tumour is commonly found in the ovary and is highly keratinised?

What name does it commonly go by?

A

Benign cystic teratoma

or Dermoid cyst

31
Q

What is a dermoid cyst?

A

Mature cystic teratoma

32
Q

On histology, mature cystic teratomas have the appearance of ___.

A

skin, hair

highly keratinised epithelium, giving the name DERMOID CYST

33
Q

Which conditions make up the triad of Meig’s syndrome?

A

Ovarian tumour

Ascites

Pleural effusion

34
Q

The ovarian tumour usually seen in Meig’s syndrome is (benign / malignant).

A

benign

35
Q

How is Meig’s syndrome managed?

A

Surgical removal of ovarian tumour

Ascitic tap

Chest drain

36
Q

The ovaries are a common location of ___ tumours.

A

secondary tumours

i.e metastatic disease

Reproduction Week 6 2018/19 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions