5. Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Flashcards
Definition of MIH (2)
Hypomineralisation of systemic origin of one to four permanent molars, frequently associated with affected incisors
Usually a developmental condition, found in the period of development between birth and 2yrs
Definition of enamel hypomineralisation
Disturbances of enamel formation, resulting in a reduced mineral content (normal enamel thickness but less mineralised so softer)
Qualitative
Definition of enamel hypoplasia
Reduced bulk or thickness of enamel (normal but less)
Quantitative
Types of enamel hypoplasia (2)
True
Acquired
Definition of true enamel hypoplasia
Enamel never formed
Definition of acquired enamel hyperplasia
Post-eruptive loss of enamel bulk
Clinical periods of enquiry for MIH (3)
Pre-natal (Pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes)
Natal (fullterm, specific birth trauma)
Post-natal (resp., varicella, MMR)
Incubation period of measles
10-14 days
Duration of illness of measles
7-10 days
Signs and symptoms of measles (6)
Fever Rash Conjunctivitis Cough Coryza Koplik's spots
Untreated measles can cause (7)
Secondary infection Otitis media Bronchopneumonia Corneal ulcers Stomatitis Gastroenteritis Appendicitis
Duration of illness of rubella
8-10 days
Signs and symptoms of rubella (5)
Mild fever Maculopapular rash Generalised lymphadenopathy (especially sub occipital nodes) Malaise URTI
Untreated rubella can cause (3)
Encephalitis
Arthritis
Purpura
Duration of illness of varicella/chicken pox
6-10 days
Signs and symptoms of varicella (3)
Low grade fever
Rash
Crops of spots progressing from macule-papule-vesicle
Untreated varicella can cause (3)
Secondary infection of lesion
Encephalitis
Pneumonia
Features of hypomineralised molars (3)
Increased pulp horn and subodontoblastic region neural density
Significant increases in immune cell accumulation (especially with post-eruptive enamel loss)
Significant increase in vascularity in sensitive MIH
MIH pain mechanisms (3)
Dentine hypersensitivity
Peripheral sensitisation (of C-fibres)
Central sensitisation
Clinical problems of MIH(3)
Loss of tooth substance (enamel breakdown, tooth wear, secondary caries)
Sensitivity
Appearance
MIH treatment (4)
Composite/GIC restorations
Stainless steel crowns
Adhesively retained copings
Extraction (8.5-9.5yrs)
Treatment of affected incisors (5)
Acid pumice microabrasion External bleaching Localised composite placement Full composite veneers Full porcelain veneers
