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EMT B > 5 - Medical Terminology / Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

5 - Medical Terminology / Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
0
Q

neur

A

nerve/brain

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1
Q

cardi

A

heart

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2
Q

hyper

A

above normal/high

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3
Q

hypo

A

below normal/low

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4
Q

tachy

A

rapid

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5
Q

brady

A

slow

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6
Q

ac

A

pertaining to

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7
Q

ology

A

study of

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8
Q

al

A

pertaining to

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9
Q

ist

A

one who specializes in

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10
Q

or

A

mouth/oral

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11
Q

trendelenburg

A

supine with feet elevated above the heart

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12
Q

stress

A

acute (normal reactions to extraordinary situations)

delayed (PTSD)

cumulative (burnout)

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13
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A

water pushed back out of bloodstream (opposite of plasma oncotic pressure)

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14
Q

how many vertebrae in the spinal column?

A

33

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15
Q

zygomatic arches

A

cheek bones

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16
Q

preschool

A

3-5 yrs

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17
Q

school age

A

6-12 yrs

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18
Q

adolescence

A

13-18 yrs

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19
Q

middle adulthood

A

41-60

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20
Q

early adulthood

A

19-40

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21
Q

late adulthood

A

61 + yrs

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22
Q

ATP

A

adenosine triphosphate (fuel for cells)

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23
Q

minute volume

A

tidal volume x respiratory rate

air moving in and out of the lungs in one minute

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24
Q

respiratory dysfunction

A

when anything interferes with tidal volume or respiratory rate

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25
Q

4 parts of blood

A
  1. plasma (liquid)
  2. red blood cells (oxygen)
  3. white blood cells (fight infection)
  4. platelets (clot)
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26
Q

heart flow

A

lungs>pulmonary vein (O2 blood)>left atrium>left ventricle>body via aorta>right atrium (non O2 blood)>right atrium>right ventricle>lungs via pulmonary artery

27
Q

hypovolemia

A

blood dysfunction (less blood, less gas exchange)

28
Q

anemia

A

fewer red blood cells, less gas exchange

29
Q

away from heart

A

arteries

30
Q

toward heart

A

veins

31
Q

automaticity

A

heart/cardiac muscle creates its own electrical charge

32
Q

pulses

A

peripheral and central

33
Q

central pulses

A

central/core of body

carotid
femoral

34
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system

sensory nerves and motor nerves

35
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system

brain and spinal chord

36
Q

sensory nerves

A

can they feel?

messages from body to brain

37
Q

motor nerves

A

can they move?

messages from brain to body

38
Q

sagittal/median planes

A

slice body down the middle to create identical halves side by side

39
Q

frontal or coronal planes

A

slice body to create front and back halves

40
Q

midline

A

line between eyes down to naval

41
Q

bilateral

A

on both sides

42
Q

medial

A

closer to midline

43
Q

lateral

A

farther from midline

44
Q

mid-axillary line

A

axilla=armpit

vertical line armpit to ankle

45
Q

anterior/ventral

A

front

46
Q

posterior/dorsal

A

back

47
Q

in loco parentis

A

“in place of the parents”

indicating that a person who can give consent for care of a child when parents are not present/able to give consent

48
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

Adam’s apple

49
Q

digestive system

A
  • oral cavity
  • pharynx
  • esophagus
  • stomach
  • small intestine
  • large intestine (colon)
  • liver
  • gall bladder
  • pancreas
50
Q

maxillae

A

two fused bones forming upper jaw

51
Q

orbits

A

eye sockets

52
Q

duty to act

A

obligation to provide care

53
Q

pulmonary vein

A

lungs –> heart

oxygenated blood

54
Q

prone

A

laying on stomach

55
Q

supine

A

on spine

56
Q

AVPU

A

ALERT
VERBAL
PAIN
UNRESPONSIVE

57
Q

BUFF

A

BLOOD
URINE
FECAL MATTER
FOREIGN OBJECTS

58
Q

pelvis/extremities

A

DCAP-BTLS
priapism
distal circulation, sensation, and motor function
if you feel any movement, stop and treat pelvis as unstable

59
Q

priapism

A

semi-erection caused by spinal trauma

60
Q

masses

A

specific areas of the belly that are swollen (pay attention if they are pulsating)

61
Q

chest/abdomen

A

DCAP-BTLS
equal rise and fall of chest using butterfly hands
paradoxical motion
lung sounds (2 mid clavicular and 2 mid axillary on both sides)
distention (swelling, masses)
rigidity

62
Q

step offs

A

shifted vertebrae in the neck (walk fingers down the spinal column)

63
Q

in addition to DCAPBTLS, look for ….

A

CSF
Unequal pupils
JVD

64
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

HALO TEST (head injuries only) -dab blood onto a 4x4 and if a yellow halo forms around it, then it is CSF

65
Q

cervical collars

A

only significant mechanisms of injury

put collar on after checking clavicle

EMT B (45 decks)

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