5. M. tb

Question 1

what is progression to disease marked by in M. tb?

Answer 1

loss of vascularisation
increased necrosis
accumulation of caesium in the granuloma centre

Question 2

What recognises the M. tb lipoproteins and glycolipids on the APC?

Answer 2

TLR1 and NOD

Question 3

How does M. tb establish a primary infection?

Answer 3

Upregulates Dos region and other stress survival genes

Question 4

How are dormant cells generated?

Answer 4

Induction of toxin-antitoxin loci

Question 5

How is tb diagnosed?

Answer 5

biomarkers (e.g. VOC) found in blood/breath/sputum/urine

Question 6

What is the most common used diagnosis technique in low/middle income countries and what is the disadvantage?

Answer 6

Unconcentrated sputum microscopy - very inaccurate with sensitivity between 20-60%

Question 7

Which drugs can be used to treat TB?

Answer 7

EMB
INH
PZA
RMP
SM

Question 8

What is MDR TB resistant to?

Answer 8

isoniazid and rifampicin at least

Question 9

What can be used to test for TB and also RMP resistance?

Answer 9

Gene Xpert MTB/RIF

Question 10

What is one strategy for fighting infection?

Answer 10

Alter the MPC

Design drugs to attack resistance mechanisms e.g. clavulanic acid for inhibition of beta lactase