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#Britain > #5. Labour And Conservative Governments 1964-79 > Flashcards

#5. Labour And Conservative Governments 1964-79 Flashcards

1
Q

Why did labour win the 1964 election ?

A

Harold Wilson’s leadership of the party
How the electorate regarded the conservatives
The revival of the liberal party
Changes in British society

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2
Q

Why was Wilson seen as a good leader in the 64 election

A

Able to gloss over the divisions of Europe and nuclear weapons.
Promise to improve the welfare state

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3
Q

How did the electorate regard the conservatives in the 64 election

A

Linked to scandals such as the Profumo scandal

Associated with economic issues such as unemployment and inflation

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4
Q

How did revival of the liberal party effect the 64 election

A

Meant Tory’s lost seats to liberals meaning labour win

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5
Q

How had Britain changed in the 50s

A

Wanted a new classless Britain, young were more attracted to labour then conservatives

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6
Q

Why was the 64 election so close

A

Douglas was still a good leader
Conservatives brought unemployment down to 300,000
Conservative tax cuts
Labour Party distrust

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7
Q

What were the issues the 64 labour government had to face

A

Small majority of 4 seats
Colonial issues
Economic situation
Modernising Britain promise needed to be fulfilled

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8
Q

What were the main divisions within left and right in the Labour Party

A

Europe
Nuclear weapons
Decolonisation
US and British relations/ foreign policy

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9
Q

How many seat did Wilson have in 1964

A

4 seat majority

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10
Q

How much of a majority did 1966 election bring Wilson

A

96 seat majority

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11
Q

Which social reforms were considered controversial

A

1965 murder act- abolishment of death penalty (1969)
1967 family planning act- contraception available to anyone
1967 sexual offences act - legalise homosexuality
1967 abortion act - legalise abortion
1969 divorce- divorce becomes cheaper

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12
Q

Why were reforms opposed by traditionalists

A

Promotes sex outside of marriage

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13
Q

Why was the abolishing of the death penalty unpopular

A

It was popular amongst public for indictable crimes such as murder and rape

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14
Q

Why was the 1965 race relations act influential

A

First act in UK to address racial discrimination

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15
Q

How were the race relations act fail in some areas

A

Enforcement areas were weak meaning there was little convictions

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16
Q

What type of university was brought under Wilson’s government

A

Open universities

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17
Q

What were the three main foreign policy issues under Wilson’s 1964 government

A

The Vietnam war
Southern Rhodesia
The common market

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18
Q

Did Wilson satisfy the left of the party in regards to the Vietnam war

A

No they say that Johnson’s intervention in Vietnam should have been condemned

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19
Q

Why was southern Rhodesia an issue

A

Failed to get rid of white rule of southern Rhodesia

20
Q

When was application to the EEC vetoed

A

1967

21
Q

Did labours economic policies work

A

No unemployment was higher in 1970 then in 1964
Inflation didn’t slow
Britain still declined

22
Q

Why was labour criticised for its spending

A

It spent more on defence then any other NATO country
Which could
Have been invested into improving British transport systems

23
Q

What was labours plan to deal with the economy

A

Deflation - increase tax and cut government spending
National plan 1965- believe modernisation would help economy
Devaluation 1967- devaluing the pound

24
Q

What was the policy called which failed to reform TUs

A

Of place in strife

25
Q

Key policies of in place of strife

A

Employees could legally join a TU
Workers unfairly dismissed got their jobs back
Government could hold ballot if strike would damage national interest

26
Q

Why did labour lose in 1970

A

Wilson’s over confidence
The disillusionment or labour voters
The failure of in place of strife

27
Q

Why did membership of the Labour Party drop to 680,000 in 1970

A

Believed Party was too right wing
Foreign policy
Working classes made poorer
Abandoned traditional socialism

28
Q

Why did the conservatives win the 1970 election

A

Policy proposals : Britain would
Join EEC, less state intervention in industry, reduce power of TUs
Heaths leadership- he attacked labours economic record

29
Q

Heaths economic record was successful because

A

It had slowed unemployment to the level it was at in 1970 and managed to get Britain in the EEC 1973

30
Q

What was the industrial relations act 1971 similar to

A

Of in place of strife

31
Q

What did the trade unions do to make the industrial relations act fail

A

Made people disobey conditions of the act

32
Q

How many working days were lost in 1970

A

Nearly 11 million

33
Q

How many working days were lost in 1974

A

Nearly 15 million

34
Q

What issues did heath government face

A

The miners strike of 1972
Heaths U turn 1972 ( rolls Royce)
Oil price shock of 1973, support isreal so syria and egypt stop giving britain oil

35
Q

What was an issue with the result of the 1974 election

A

Minority government of only 3 seats

36
Q

Was the social contract successful

A

To some degree it lasted until 78-79

37
Q

When did labour drift to the left again

A

1974

38
Q

When did Wilson resign

A

1976

39
Q

What was stagflation

A

When the currency constantly inflated due to the labour government keep granting pay increases to miners etc

40
Q

Did solving inflation help the economy

A

No there was no economic recovery

41
Q

What prevented. A major economic crisis ?

A

The IMF loan of 1976 or £3900 million

42
Q

What did Callaghan have to do to regain a majority

A

A pact with the liberals giving them 13 more seats

43
Q

Why was a vote of no confidence held for Callaghan and his government

A

The winter of discontent in which there were mass strikes while Callaghan was on holiday

44
Q

How did heath have a bad economic record

A

Inflation had reached 10%
Working days lost to strike increased to nearly 15 million
Left a substantial deficit

45
Q

How many supporters did Mary whitehouse get against showing sex and violence on the BBC

A

400,000

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