5 Homeostasis and responce - Seperate Flashcards
Name the region in the brain that involves consciousness, intelligence, memory and language.
Cerebral cortex
Name the region in the brain that coordinates muscular activity and balance.
Cerebellum
Name the region in the brain that coordinates automatic, unconscious activities.
Medulla (oblongata)
Name a method scientists used to find out the functions of each part of the brain.
Studying brain damage patients/Electrically stimulating different parts of brain/MRI scans
State the function of the sclera.
White outer layer to protect the eyeball
State the function of the cornea.
Allows light into the eye; Refract/focus light
How is the size of the pupil controlled?
Muscular contraction and relaxation of the iris
State the function of the lens.
Refracts light to focus the image onto the retina
Name the two components that change the shape of the lens.
Suspensory ligaments + Ciliary muscles
Name the component that carries impulses from the retina to the brain.
Optic nerve
Describe the state of the ciliary muscles and the lens as the eye focuses on a distant object.
Ciliary muscles relax, Lens becomes thinner
Name the condition in which people can see close objects clearly but distant objects look blurred.
Myopia/Short sightedness
Name the condition in which people can see distant objects clearly but close objects are blurred.
Hyperopia
Give two possible reasons for myopia.
Lens too curved; Long eyeball
Describe the state of the lens if more refraction is to happen.
More convex/rounded
Name a treatment for myopia or hyperopia.
Contact lenses/Laser eye surgery/Replacement lenses
Define ‘phototropism’.
The response of a plant to light
Define ‘gravitropism/geotropism’.
The response of a plant to gravity
What are auxins?
A plant hormone that controls photo- and geotropism
How do auxins respond to one-sided light on a young shoot?
Auxins move to the unlit side (causing quicker growth, hence the shoot bends towards the light)
How do auxins respond to a young root placed sideways?
Auxins move to the lower side of the root
What is the effect of a high level of auxin on shoot growth?
Auxins promote shoot growth
What is the effect of a high level of auxin on root growth?
Auxins inhibit root growth
Name one use of auxins in agriculture and horticulture.
Weed killers/Rooting powders/Tissue culture