5: Electronegativity and polarity Flashcards
What is electronegativity?
The ability of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons
Fluorine has a very high number on the Pauling scale. What does this tell you?
It is very electronegative
In an ionic bond, there is a large electronegative difference between the two bonded atoms. What does this mean for attraction?
One of the bonded atoms will have a greater attraction to the electrons because it is more electronegative
What is a polar bond?
Where the bonded electron pair is shared unequally between the bonded atoms
Where is a permanent dipole found?
In a polar covalent bond
Under what circumstances will a molecule not have an overall dipole? Why?
- If it is a symmetrical molecule
- Because the dipoles will be cancelled out
Give the numbers and 3 types of bond shown from the Pauling scale
Less than 0.4, non-polar, covalent bond
0.4-1.8, polar, covalent bond
More than 1.8, ionic bond
What is a dipole?
The separation of charge across a bond with one atom having a δ+ charge and one atom a δ- charge
(Symbols should be deltas)
