5: Customs of Tagalog (YT) Flashcards
was born to the illustrious family of the Portocarreros in Plasencia in the region of Extramadura, Spain in the early 16th century.
Fray Juan
Juan was one in a brood of ______
seven.
Arrival in the Philippines Fray Juan de Plasencia id with the ___?
1st batch of Franciscan missionaries
The ship with Fray de Juan de Plasencia arrived at a port in
Cavite
A Friar that already preached around Laguna de Bay area and as far as Tayabas (Quezon Province)
Fray Diego de Oropresa
Preached and founded places in the present provinces:
Tayabas, Calilaya, Lucban, Mahayhay, Nagcarlang, Lilio, Pila, Santa Cruz, Lumbang, Pangil, Siniloan, Morong, Antipolo, Taytay, and Meycawayan
Fray Diego de Oropresa
The society was made up of 3 classes
Nobles
Maharlika
The Alipins or Dependents
Composed of the datu and their families
Nobles
Nobles are addressed as with _____ by the Tagalogs
Gat or Lakan
Freemen or the commoners
Mahadlika or Maharlica
Acquired their status by inheritance, captivity, purchase, failure to settle debts, or by committing a crime
The alipins or the dependents
2 kinds of dependents
Aliping Namamahay
Aliping Sagigilid
True or False
Children of parents who are both maharlika remain as one throughout their life
True
If these Maharlikas had children with slaves, the children and their mothers become ______
free (Commoners)
If a Maharlika had a children by the slave of another, she was forced when pregnant, to give her master _____ due to her risk of death and inability to labor during pregnancy
half a gold (tael)
If a mother (Alipin) had a child with Maharlika, what is the child?
Half of the child is free and the other half is alipin
If a mother (Alipin) had a child with Maharlika, What will happen if the father (Maharlika) did not support their child?
He did not recognize the child as his- in which case the child bceomes a slave wholly
If a free woman (Commoner) had a child with a Man(alipin), and she did not marry him. What will happen to the child?
They (Mother and child) are free.
Ps. di sila married
If two persons get married - the one is a maharlika and the other one a alipin. What is the division?
Odd children Father
Even children Mother
If Marlika is married to Alipin, what will happen to the children?
If the Father is free so are his children; If he were a slave. His children became one too. The same applies to Mother side.
Odd - Father
Even - Mother
If Marlika is married to Alipin, and there is only 1 child? What will ahppen?
he/she is half free and half alipin
It is a type of slave that Could be sold as well as their offspring
Sa guiguilir
It is a type of slave that Could not be sold and their children nor could they be transferred anywhere but their village
Namamahay
Rule of Moving of Maharlika from One Village to another after marriage
They must pay a fine or gold
If it is Datu, what is the rule of Moving from One Village to another after marriage
Fine will run from 1 to 3 gold taels and a banquet for the entire barangay
Moving from One Village to another after marriage without giving fines will?
May result to a war between these 2 barangay
If the man is to be move to another barangay, What will ahppen to the children?
the children will be half equally between the 2 barangays.
True or False?
All legitimate children of parents inherit equally
True
If a man had a child by one of his slaves, and he had also legitimate children, what happened to the inheritance?
the former (slave) does not inherit anything from the father
Apart from the legitimate children, if the father had sons by a free unmarried woman to whom a dowry was given but she was not considered as a real wife, all of these were classified as ______
Natural Sons or Natural heirs
Natural Sons can only inherit?
only a third of the entire inheritance.
What relationship is this referred to as?
If there were no legitimate children, the father who may had begotten a child by an unmarried woman.
inaasaua
If there were no legitimate children, the father who may had begotten a child by an unmarried woman. What will the children inherit?
They inherit in full.
investigation made and sentences passed, in the presence of
barangay members
In administering justice in cases where the litigants felt aggrieved, an arbiter was unanimously named from another village whether he were a datu or not. It is acceptable only if?
if he is known to be fair and just in his decisions.
They also had laws which a man of low birth who had insulted the wife or a daughter of the datu.
What is the punishment?
condemned to death
Other offenses were punished by
Golds
The Status of Women on Precolonial
the women walked behind men as a sign of respect
False.
Men walked behind women
True or False for the status of women?
Right to inherit property, engage in trade and industry, and succeed to the chieftainship of the barangay in the absence of a male heir.
True
Wives are called
Asawa
To win the hand of the lady, the man has to show patience and dedication to ?
both the lady and her parents.
Courtship usually begins with
paninilbihan
If the man wins the trust of the parents, he does not immediately marry a woman. He has to have these requirements (4)
- give dowry or bigay-kaya
- pay the panghihumuyat
- pay the parents himaraw
- bribe for the relatives called sambon (frequent practice among the Zambals)
Once he had settled the requiremnts, he will bring his oarents to meet the bride-to-be parents yo make final arrangements.
This is called
Pamamalae or Pamamanhikan or Pamumulungan
wedding ceremony was Officiated by
priestess or babaylan
Cooked rice is then thrown on a couple after the wedding ceremony
True or False?
False
It is uncooked
unit of gov is
barangay
barangay which consisted of ______
30-100 families
word balangay meaning
boat.
Barangay is headed by chieftains called
datu
Members in barangay must paid tributes called
buwis
chief executive, the legislator, and the judge, supreme commander in time of war
Chief or Datu
formalized ritual alliances among barangay
Sangduguan
Conflicts between barangay
settled through violence
Conflicts between barangay
settled through violence. Whats the final verdict after the war?
those who win is always right
Datu will consult to Council of ________ that will approved his plan
Council of Elders
Those found guilty of crimes were punished either by fine or by death; some punishments are torture.
True or False
True
announces and explains the law to everyone.
Umalohokan
Laws can either be: (2)
1 Customary
2 Written
Laws that can handed down from generation to generation orally
Customary
Laws that promulgated from time to time as necessity arose
Written
Court is Composed of
Village Chief and council of elders. Also, in between barangays, a board made up of elders from neutral barangays acted as arbitrary
to determine the innocence of an accused, he is made to go through a number of ordeals which he must pass
Trial by Ordeal
THESE ARE:
Dipping ones hand in boiling water
Holding a lighted candle that must not be extinguished
Plunging into a river
Staying underwater for as long as possible
Chewing uncooked rice
all examples of?
Trial by Ordeal
they will act as mediums to communicate with the spirits.
Babaylan/Baylama/Katalona
Some anitos are bad and need _____ to apease them/ placate anger.
offering
Precolonial Filipinos believed in existence of a number of gods accoridng to rank:
- Bathalang Maykapal (Creator)
- Idinayale (God of Agriculture)
- Sidapa (God of Death)
- Balangaw ( Rainbow God)
- Mandarangan (War God)
- Agni (Fire God)
Lalahon (Goddess of Harvest) - Siginarugan (God of hell)
- Diyan Masalanta (Goddess of Love)
True or False
Some trees are not cut because they are divine
True
Keeping the memories through carving of idols in stone, gold, or ivory. This is called ______
likha or larawan.
mourning for the dead chief
Laraw
accompanied by certain prohibitions like engaging in petty quarrels, wars, carrying daggers with hilts in the normal position singing in boats coming from the sea and river and wearing of loud cloths.
mourning for the dead chief
9th night after the death of the person
Pasiyam
In Pasiyam, A play called _____ is staged to honor the dead.
Tibaw
Dead that is murdered will still be mourned by the relatives until they have exacted their vengeance
Balata
