5. Cariology

Question 1

2

Dental caries is a _____ disease process.

Question 2

3

What are the three main factors of caries?

Question 3

5

What are the three parts of dental plaque?

Question 4

5

How many days does dental plaque take to mature?

Question 5

5

What are the aerobic bacteria involved in the dental plaque?

Question 6

6

What bacteria colonizes as the plaque matures?

Question 7

7

What is the major component of the matrix for plaque?

Question 8

7

What are the two minor components for the plaque matrix?

Question 9

8

What does anaerobic glycolysis cause?

Question 10

8

What does the plaque rapidly drop from and to during anaerobic glycolysis?

Question 11

8

At what pH does enamel begin to demineralize?

Question 12

8

Salivary calcium and phosphate precipitate on the remaining enamel crystals causes _____.

Question 13

10

For how long does the drop in pH after eating occur for?

Question 14

12

Fluoride in solution enhances the precipitation of ____ and _____. This causes restriction of enamel _____.

Question 15

13

What are the two most important things with saliva for keeping caries risk low?

Question 16

14

Where is caries higher in elderly?

Answer 16

root surface

Question 17

20

What is the most common reason for restoration replacement?

Question 18

21

What are the three stages of carious lesion development?

Question 19

22

There are various patterns of carious lesion development depending on ____.

Answer 19

What surface is affected; pits and fissures develop differently from smooth surface lesions.

Question 20

23

Where is the base of the triangle in pits and fissures caries spreading? Where is the apex oriented toward?

Question 21

24

Describe the triangle in enamel in a smooth surface lesion. Describe the triangle that goes into the dentin.

Question 22

25

What is a macroscopic incipient lesion?

Question 23

25

Does every carious lesion first start as a white spot?

Question 24

25

What is a microscopic appearance of incipient lesions?

Question 25

26 Pits and fissure lesions are _____

Answer 25

BILATERAL!

Question 26

30 What are the four zones of the incipient lesion?

Question 27

30 Normal enamel has ___ percent pore space?

Answer 27

0.1%

Question 28

31 The translucent zone is the ____ and is the ____ part of the lesion. There is ____ demineralization and ___ pore space.

Question 29

32 Dark Zone has a pore space of _____. The dark zone is the deepest part of the lesion that can _______.

Question 30

33 The body of the lesion has a pore space of _____. _______ still maintain orientation in the protein matrix.

Question 31

34 The surface zone has a pore space of ____.

Question 32

34 Can the surface zone be remineralized?

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

34 What happens if the surface zone becomes undermined and collapses?

Question 34

35 What are the 5 zones of carious dentin? Which zone is closest to the DEJ

Question 35

35 What is non-vital calcified tracts of dentinal tubules?

Question 36

37 When doing a visual examination of caries, what score is given to "No or slight change in enamel tranlsucency after prolonged air drying?"

Answer 36

0

Question 37

37 When doing a visual examination of caries, what score is given to "Opacity or discoloration hardly visible after air drying?"

Answer 37

1

Question 38

37 When doing a visual examination of caries, what score is given to "Opacity or discoloration distinctly visible without air drying?"

Answer 38

2

Question 39

37 When doing a visual examination of caries, what score is given to "Localized enamel breakdown in opaque or discolored enamel and/or grayish discoloration from the underlying dentin.

Answer 39

3

Question 40

37 When doing a visual examination of caries, what score is given to "Cavitation in opaque or discolored enamel, exposing the dentin?"

Answer 40

4

Question 41

38 What are the 2 major cariogenic bacteria?

Question 42

38 Is Strep mutans gram positive or gram negative? What about Lactobacillus?

Question 43

39 What does strep mutans produce?

Question 44

40 What does strep mutans require for colonization?

Question 45

40 Edentulous patients without dentures have few strep mutans, but numbers increase rapidly after _____.

Question 46

41 What bacteria is responsible for secondary colonization?

Question 47

41 When do lactobacilli numbers increase?

Question 48

41 The extremely low pH caused by the production of lactic acid from lactobacillus metabolism _____ strep mutans. Lactobacilli then becomes ________.