5 - Astronomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain how/why the weight & value of g differ between the Earth’s surface and the surface of other celestial bodies

A

The weight depends on the gravitational field strength
- The larger the mass of the body, the stronger its gravitational field
- The Earth is more massive than the Moon, therefore objects weigh more on the Earth’s surface than the Moon

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2
Q

Name all the planets in our Solar System in order from the sun

A

Sun
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

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3
Q

What can you find in our Solar System that aren’t planets?

A

Dwarf planets (Pluto, Eris)
Asteroid
Comets
Man made satellites

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4
Q

What was the Geocentric Model?

A

Suggested the Sun, Moon and other planets orbited the Earth in perfect circles

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5
Q

What is the Heliocentric Model?

A

Suggested the Sun was at the centre of the Solar System

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6
Q

Why was the Geocentric Model like that?

A

People on Earth didn’t have telescopes & could only see the sun and moon rising and setting in the same way every day
Model was accepted from Ancient Greece - about 1500s

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7
Q

What was the evidence for the Heliocentric Model?

A

When looking at Jupiter through a telescope, Galileo noticed some stars orbiting Jupiter (they never moved away), showing not everything orbited the Earth – evidence of the Geocentric Model being wrong

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8
Q

What is the Steady State theory?

A

Matter is always being created
- Universe has always existed & always will no (no beginning or end)
- As universe expands, new matter is created

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9
Q

What is the Big Bang theory?

A

All matter was originally in a very small, hot, dense ball which then “exploded” & started expanding space
- Gives an age for the universe : ~14 billion y

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10
Q

What is CMBR, and which theory is it evidence for?

A

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation - low frequency electromagnetic radiation coming from all parts of the universe
- shows the universe was once much hotter & denser, -> universe had a beginning -> big bang theory

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