5 - Animal Development

Question 1

This early concept assumes that the adult structure is in egg/sperm and the complete structures increase in size

Answer 1

Preformation

Question 2

Early concept that states that fertilized egg contains only the building materials

Answer 2

Epigenesis

Question 3

What are the two kinds of cell fate specification

Answer 3

Cytoplasmic location/autonomous specification

Induction/Regulative specification

Question 4

Series of progressive changes in an individual from its beginning to maturity

Answer 4

Development

Question 5

This is the tip of sperm cells head?

Answer 5

Acrosome

Question 6

The phenomenon wherein egg cells have the ability to release chemotactic molecules that attract sperm cells of the same species

Answer 6

Chemotaxis

Question 7

The tip of sperm cell releases enzymes which will digest a part of the membrane of the egg cell then sperm will inject the nucleus to combine with nucleus of egg cell

Answer 7

acrosome reaction

Question 8

Specification when morphogens are secreted in cytoplasm which will undergo specialization/differentiation

Answer 8

Cytoplasmic Localization

Question 9

Ability to secrete their morphogens and once these morphogens are released, other cells are influenced to go under differentiation

Answer 9

Induction/Regulative specification

Question 10

Part of egg cell that prevents other sperms to enter

Answer 10

Jelly coat

Question 11

Do the nucleus of the egg/sperm have haploid or diploid number of chromosomes?

Answer 11

Haploid

Question 12

How is polyspermy prevented

Answer 12

Cortical granules release proteins (hyalin) then protein will solidify contents
Permanent barrier is formed

Question 13

Barrier formed to prevent polyspermy

Answer 13

Fertilization envelope/membrane

Question 14

Ball of blastomeres

Answer 14

Morula

Question 15

Result of cleavage-ing zygote

Answer 15

Blastomeres

Question 16

Is there cell growth in cleavage?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Which pole contains much yolk and little cytoplasm

Answer 17

Vegetal pole

Question 18

This pole has many cells and small yolk

Answer 18

Animal pole

Question 19

Why are there more cells in the animal pole?

Answer 19

No substance can interfere, so there are more cells

Question 20

Egg where

• Yolk is concentrated at vegetal pole
• Cleavage is meroblastic

Answer 20

Telolecithal

Question 21

Egg where

• much yolk concentrated in center
• cleavage is meroblastic

Answer 21

Centrolecithal

Question 22

Restricts cleavage to cytoplasmic rim of egg

Answer 22

Superficial cleavage

Question 23

Egg where

• Moderate amounts of yolk concentrated in vegetal pole
• Complete holoblastic cleavage

Answer 23

Mesolecithal

Question 24

Egg where

• Very little yolk distributed evenly in cytoplasm
• Holoblastic cleavage

Answer 24

Isolecithal

Question 25

Hollow fluid filled ball of cells; result of cleavage when done

Answer 25

Blastula

Question 26

Layers of blastula

Answer 26

Trophoblast | Embryoblast

Question 27

Where does the blastocoel come from?

Answer 27

Fluid secreted by trophoblast

Question 28

What will the blastocoel differentiate into?

Answer 28

Amniotic sac/yolk sac

Question 29

Inward folding of cells

Answer 29

Invagination

Question 30

Starting point of invagination process

Answer 30

Blastopore

Question 31

What does the blastopore differentiate into?

Answer 31

Mouth/anus

Question 32

What does the archenteron differentiate into?

Answer 32

Digestive tract/gut

Question 33

Layers that will give rise to body development/organogenesis

Answer 33

Endoderm | Ectoderm