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HEMA 2 LAB > 5-ADD ACTIVATION PATHWAYS > Flashcards

5-ADD ACTIVATION PATHWAYS Flashcards

1
Q

What G protein does PAR1 couple to

A

Gq+G1+G12

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2
Q

What G protein does PAR4 couple to

A

Gq+G12

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3
Q

What G protein does P2Y1 couple to

A

Gq+G12

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4
Q

What G protein does P2Y12 couple to

A

G1

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5
Q

What G proteins do TPα and TPβ couple to

A

Gq+G12

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6
Q

What G protein does α2-adrenergic receptor couple to

A

G1

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7
Q

What G protein does IP couple to

A

Gs

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8
Q

What G protein does 5HT2A couple to

A

Gq

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9
Q

What are the effects of PAR1

A

PAR4

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10
Q

What are the effects of P2Y12 and α2-adrenergic activation

A

Reduce cAMP concentration

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11
Q

What is the effect of IP activation

A

Increase cAMP concentration

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12
Q

What is the effect of 5HT2A activation

A

Increase IP3- DAG

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13
Q

What process do intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) support

A

Inflammation and immune reaction

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14
Q

What process does Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) mediate

A

Platelet-to-WBC and platelet-to-endothelial cell adhesion

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15
Q

What is FcγIIA (CD32)

A

Low-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin Fc portion+associated with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

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16
Q

Where is P-selectin located on a resting platelet

A

Alpha-granule membrane

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17
Q

Where does P-selectin migrate to on an activated platelet

A

Surface (via SCCS)

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18
Q

What is the function of P-selectin

A

Facilitates platelet binding to endothelial cells

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19
Q

What technique is used to quantify P-selectin

A

Flow cytometry (measurement of in vivo platelet activation)

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20
Q

What are G proteins

A

Proteins that control cellular activation for all cells at the inner membrane surface

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21
Q

What is the structure of an inactive G protein

A

Heterotrimer (αβγ subunits)+guanosine diphosphate (GDP)

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22
Q

What happens in Step 2 of G protein mechanism

A

Membrane receptor-ligand binding+replacement of GDP by GTP

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23
Q

What happens in Step 3 of G protein mechanism

A

GTP-bound α-subunit dissociates from the βγ-subunits

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24
Q

What happens in Step 4 of G protein mechanism

A

GTP-bound α-subunit and βγ-subunits interact with target proteins (second messengers)

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25
What happens in Step 5 of G protein mechanism
GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP+release of phosphate radical (Pi)
26
What pathways does Step 5 of the G protein mechanism trigger
Eicosanoid pathway or IP3-DAG pathway
27
What happens in Step 6 of G protein mechanism
α- and βγ-subunits reunite+G protein returns to a resting state
28
What action do G1 proteins induce in platelet activation
Decelerates adenylate cyclase
29
What action do Gq proteins induce in platelet activation
Activates phospholipase C
30
What action do G12 proteins induce in platelet activation
Activates protein kinase C
31
What action do GS proteins induce in platelet activation
Accelerates adenylate cyclase
32
What outcomes result from activation by G1 proteins
Reduce cAMP concentration
33
What outcomes result from activation by Gq proteins
Increase IP3-DAG
34
What outcomes result from activation by G12 proteins
Activate pleckstrin
35
What outcomes result from activation by GS proteins
Increase cAMP concentration
36
What happens in Step 1 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
Membrane-ligand binding
37
What happens in Step 2 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
G-protein activation+activation of phospholipase A2
38
What happens in Step 3 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
Release of arachidonic acid (AA) to the cytoplasm
39
What happens in Step 4 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
Conversion of AA to prostaglandin G2 by cyclooxygenase
40
What happens in Step 5 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
Conversion of prostaglandin G2 to prostaglandin H2 by peroxidase
41
What happens in Step 6 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
Conversion of prostaglandin H2 to thromboxane A2 (TXA2) by thromboxane synthetase
42
What happens in Step 7 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
TXA2 binds to TPα or TPβ+inhibition of adenylate cyclase+↓cAMP concentration
43
What happens in Step 8 of the Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway
↑cytoplasmic calcium+contraction of microfilaments+platelet shape change+platelet activation
44
What happens in Step 1 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
Membrane-ligand binding
45
What happens in Step 2 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
G-protein activation+activation of phospholipase A2
46
What happens in Step 3 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
Release of arachidonic acid to the cytoplasm
47
What happens in Step 4 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
Conversion of AA to prostaglandin G2 and prostaglandin H2 by cyclooxygenase
48
What happens in Step 5 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
Conversion of prostaglandin G2 to prostaglandin H2 by peroxidase
49
What happens in Step 6 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
Conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) by prostacyclin synthetase
50
What happens in Step 7 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
Prostaglandin I2 binds to IP receptor+activation of adenylate cyclase+↑cAMP concentration
51
What happens in Step 8 of Eicosanoid Synthesis Pathway in Endothelial cells
Unavailability of calcium+no contraction of microfilaments+no platelet shape change+platelet inhibition
52
What is the first step of the Inositol Triphosphate-Diacylglycerol Activation Pathway
Membrane-ligand binding
53
What is the second step of the Inositol Triphosphate-Diacylglycerol Activation Pathway
G-protein activation+activation of phospholipase C
54
What is the third step of the Inositol Triphosphate-Diacylglycerol Activation Pathway
Cleavage of phosphatidylinositol 4
55
What products result from cleaving PIP2
IP3 and DAG
56
What effects does IP3 have
Promotes release of ionic calcium from the DTS+actin microfilament contraction+activates phospholipase A2
57
What effects does DAG have
Activates phosphokinase C+phosphorylation of protein pleckstrin+actin microfilament contraction
58
What does Hemostasis refer to
The stoppage of blood flow
59
What does Hemostasis maintain
Circulating blood in its fluid state
60
What does Hemostasis produce in an injury
Clot to stop the bleeding
61
What does Hemostasis dissolve
Clot as the wound heals
62
What was the first coagulation disorder to be recognized
Hemophilia
63
What did Schonlein establish
The term “hemophilia” which means love for hemorrhage
64
What are the Three Hemostatic Components
Extravascular component+Vascular Component+Intravascular Component

HEMA 2 LAB (7 decks)

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