#5 Flashcards
False projection is absent
Comitant Squint
Diplopia is usually present
Incomitant Squint
Ocular movements are restricted
Incomitant Squint
Abnormal head posture is absent
Comitant Squint
Always commences in childhood
Esotropia
More common in Caucasians
Esotropia
In, unilateral squints of long standing, this eye may remain motionless or move only slightly
None of the choices (Eccentric fixation)
Vision is better if letters are presented in a row than in single letters
None of the choices (Crowding Phenomenon)
The px is asked to look in the direction in which movement is being tested and the maximum range noted. The eyeball is then held at the opposite limbus with a
toothed forceps and rotated maximally further in the same direction.
Forced Duction Test
To judge if the limitation of the full range of eye movement is purely paralytic or whether there is some physical restriction
Forced Duction Test
The anaesthetized limbus is grasped with a forceps and a ‘tug’ is appreciated when the px ‘attempts’ to move the eye in the affected direction if the muscle is not paralysed but only ‘mechanically restricted’ in making the eye move
Force Generation Test
Result that indicates restriction
Positive
Result that indicates paresis
Negative
In Hirschberg Test, what is the approximate magnitude of deviation if the reflex is at:
- pupil margin
- halfway between center of pupil and corneal margin
- halfway between pupil margin and corneal margin
- corneal margin
- 15°
- None of the choices (20° ana naa sa book) *some would say na ang ans here is 45PD idk why,wa sd ko kabasa ana hue
- 30°
- None of the choices(45°)
TRUE/FALSE
- A constant deviation of > 10 deg exotropia warrants surgery
- A constant deviation of > 25 deg exotropia warrants surgery
- A constant deviation of > 5 PD hypertropia warrants surgery
- A constant deviation of > 25 PD esotropia warrants surgery
- Conservative therapy includes training prisms
- False
- False
- False
- False
- True
TRUE/FALSE
Vertical deviations give the greatest discomfort of all
False (Cyclophoria)
TRUE/FALSE
Exophoria with 5-10 PD of deviation usually has
asthenopia
False (5-10°)
TRUE/FALSE
Converging power can be raised to 50 deg with training
True
TRUE/FALSE
Diverging power should be 5PD
False (4-5°)
TRUE/FALSE
Normal limits of super and subduction should be 1.5 to 2.5 deg
True
Fully corrected by and add for near work
Non-Refractive
Eso at D is greater than N
Refractive
Eso at D = Eso at N
Non-accommodative
Fully corrected by hyperopic correction for D
Refractive
