4.WM Alcohols Flashcards
Looks at the knowledge branch of alcohols from the what's in a medicine topic.
What determines if an alcohol is primary, secondary or tertiary?
The number of hydrogens that are bonded to the carbon, containing the OH group
Secondary alcohols have ___ hydrogens bonded to the OH connecting carbon.
1
Tertiary alcohols have ___ hydrogens bonded to the OH connecting carbon.
0
Primary alcohols have ___ hydrogens bonded to the OH connecting carbon.
2
Which alcohols can be oxidised?
Primary and secondary
what are the products when a primary alcohol is oxidised?
aldehyde and water
What is the difference between aliphatic and aromatic compounds?
Aliphatic compounds don’t contain a benzene ring while aromatic compounds do
What happens to a primary alcohol when it’s oxidised (under reflux)?
it will oxidise further into a carboxylic acid.
what are the products when a secondary alcohol is oxidised?
Ketone and Water
How would you make an alcohol from a haloalkane?
By adding warm NaOH or KOH
Why do alcohols have higher boiling points than alkanes?
Alcohols have an OH group, which has stronger intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding.
Why do alcohols get increasingly less soluble as chain length increases?
As the chain length increases, the influence of the OH group becomes increasingly less important
What are the conditions for a dehydration reaction to begin?
Conc. sulphuric acid under reflux at 180°C
What are the conditions of nucleophilic substitution?
Conc. halogen acid under reflux OR Halogen ions and conc. sulphuric acid
What is the definition of a Phenol?
A benzene ring with an OH group directly attached to it
