4th Year general surgery 2 Flashcards
What marker is elevated in germ cell testicular tumours?
Beta HCG
What markers are increased in leydig and Sertoli cells tumours?
oestrogen and testosterone
When is Murphys sign present?
Cholecystitis, ascending cholangitis
Where is Vitamin B12 absorbed from?
Terminal ileum
What other treatment is given following breast conserving surgery?
Radiotherpay
What tumour marker is seen in breast cancer?
CA 15-3
Where does pagets disease of the breast start?
Involves nipple primarily and spreads to the areolar later
What is the commonest cause of blood stained discharge in younger women?
Intraductal papilloma
At what ages are breast screening performed?
43-73
Features of inflammatory breast cancer?
Erythema and oedema in absence of elevated WCC or CRP
When does duct ectasia typically occur?
Drug menopause
What does Tamoxifen increase the risk of?
Endometrial cancer
What is primary sclerosing cholangitis a risk factor for?
Cholangiocarcinoma
What is the most common type of bowel cancer?
Adenocarcinoma
Bag of worms feeling in the scrotum?
Varicocele
What size of caecum is at risk of imminent perforation?
10cm
Cause of large bowel obstruction until proven otherwise?
Cancer
What type of thyroid cancer has the best prognosis?
Papillary
What type of thyroid cancer is associated with MEN2?
Medullary
What type of thyroid cancer causes a raised calcitonin?
Medullary
3 thicknesses of burns?
Superficial
Deep dermal
Full thickness
When should you give fluid resus in burns?
If >15% in adults
>10% in children
What formula is used to calculate fluid resus in burns?
Parkland formula
What type of leg ulcer has a punched out appearance?
Arterial
What type of leg ulcer is commonly seen in the gator area?
Venous
What is the H pylori eradication regime?
Omeprazole
Amoxicillin + metronidazole for 7 days
(clarithromycin if pen allergic)
