4d Flashcards
Psoas Major
Origin: * Transverse processes and bodies
of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: * Lesser trochanter of femur
Actions: * Hip (thigh) flexion
* Trunk flexion
* Lateral flexion of vertebral column
Iliacus
Origin: * Iliac fossa
Insertion: * Lesser trochanter of femur
Actions: * Hip (thigh) flexion
Psoas Major & Iliacus
* Often combined together
and called iliopsoas muscle
* Psoas major is deep to
Quadratus lumborum
* At insertion deep to muscles
of thigh
* Are the most powerful
flexors of thigh
Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL
Origin: * Crest of the ilium (lateral aspect)
Insertion: * Iliotibial band (to knee)
Actions: * Hip abduction
* Medial rotation of hip
* Provides support to knee
Gluteal Muscles
Origins: * Gluteus maximus: – Sacrum
– Gluteal surface of ilium
* Gluteus medius/minimus: – Gluteal surface of ilium
Insertions: * Maximus: – Gluteal tuberosity of
femur (1/4) – Iliotibial band (3/4) * Medius/Minimus: – Greater trochanter of
femur
Actions: * Maximus: Extension, lateral rotation of the thigh
* Medius/Minimus: Abduction and medial rotation of the thigh
*All important in stabilizing hips during walking/running
Sartorius
Sartorius
Origin: * Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: * Medial side of tibia
Actions: * Flexion, lateral rotation of
thigh
* Knee flexio
Quadriceps Femoris Group
Quadriceps Femoris Group
Origins: * Rectus femoris (RF): Anterior
inferior iliac spine
* Vastus medialis : Medial aspect of
femur * Vastus lateralis: Lateral aspect of
femur * Vastus intermedius: Anterior
surface of femur
Insertion: * ALL: Patella
Actions: * ALL: Knee extension
* RF: hip flexion
Adductor Muscles
Origins: * Gracilis, Pectineus, Adductor
brevis: Pubis
* Adductor longus: Pubis (near
pubis symphysis)
* Adductor magnus: Pubis, ramus
of ischium, ischial tuberosity
Actions: * Hip adduction (all) * Flexion of thigh (all) * AM: hip extension
* Gracilis: knee flexion
Hamstrings
Insertion: * SM, ST: Medial side of tibia
* BF: Head of the fibula
Actions: * SM/ST/Long head BF: Hip
extension
* SM/ST/Short head BF:
Knee flexion
Popliteus
Origin: * Just above lateral
femoral condyle
Insertion: * Upper posterior surface
of tibia
Actions: * Laterally rotates femur
to unlock knee, so knee
can flex
Gastrocnemius
Origin: * Just above medial
and lateral condyles
of femur
Insertion: * Calcaneus via
calcaneal/Achilles
tendon
Actions: * Plantar flexion
* Knee flexion
plantaris
Plantaris
Origin: * Just above lateral femoral
condyle of femur (deep to
gastrocnemius)
Insertion: * Calcaneus via
calcaneal/Achilles tendon
Action: * Plantar flexion
* Knee flexion
Soleus
Origin: * Posterior surface of fibula and tibia
(deep to gastrocnemius)
Insertion: * Calcaneus via calcaneal/Achilles
tendon
Action: * Plantar flexio
Deep Plantar Flexors
Deep Plantar Flexors
Origin: * TP: Posterior tibia, fibula, & Interosseus
membrane
* FDL: Posterior surface of tibia
* FHL: posterior inferior surface of fibula
Insertion: * TP: Broad attachment on plantar surface of foot * FDL: Distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits (#2-5) * FHL: Distal phalanx of big toe (hallux, #1)
Actions: * ALL: Ankle plantar flexion
* TP: Inversion of foot * FDL & FHL: toe flexion (see insertions)
Ankle Dorsiflexors
Origin: * TA: Anterior upper shaft of tibia
* EDL: Lateral condyle of tibia, fibula, interosseous membrane
* EHL: Anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
* FT: Distal surface of fibula
Insertion: * TA: Base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
* EDL: Dorsal expansion on lateral four toes (#2-5) * EHL: Distal phalanx of big toe
* FT: Base of 5th metatarsal
Actions: * ALL: Ankle dorsiflexion
* TA: Foot inversion
* EDL & EHL: Extension of toes (see insertions) * FT:
Ankle Eversion Muscles
Origin: * FL: Lateral side of fibula
* FB: Lateral shaft of fibular (inferior to
attachment of FL)
Insertion: * FL: Plantar surface of 1st metatarsal
and medial cuneiform
* FB: Base of 5th metatarsal
Actions: * BOTH: Ankle eversion & plantar
flexion
