4c Health Human Resources Flashcards
How many Canadians work in health and social services?
> 1.5 million people across Canada
1 in 10 Canadians (?)
What amount of our health care spending represents compensation for service delivery?
70 cents of every dollar (70%)
How many classifications of medical specialists are there?
Over 35 classifications of medical specialists
How many surgical specialist classifications are there?
Over 12 surgical specialist classifications
What are the two largest health professions?
Nursing and medicine
What are three types of professional groups?
Professional association (ARNBC) Regulatory body (CRNBC) Collective bargaining association (BCNU)
How many regulatory colleges are under the Health Professions Act in BC?
22 regulatory colleges
What does the self-regulating of professions accomplish?
Allows government to have some control over the profession’s activities, without having to maintain in- depth knowledge of the profession’s practice
What are the primary functions of professional self-regulation?
Primary functions to ensure their members are qualified, competent and following clearly defined standards of practice and ethics.
What are the three points of the “triple aim”?
Improving the health of populations;
Improving the patient experience of care (including quality and satisfaction), to which B.C. has recognized the additional requirement of improving the experience of delivering care for providers and support staff
Reducing the per capita cost of health by focusing on quality (especially effectiveness and appropriateness) and the efficiency of health care delivery.
What are the 5 core characteristics for teams to provide quality patient care?
accessible to the patient engaged and motivated skills and competencies safe and healthy support and leadership
What are some pressures affecting prediction of how many nurses (or other health care professionals we need)?
Funding Workforce Changing patters in labour supply Adoption of new technologies Effects of policy decisions Changes in health care delivery Practice environment
How much does the average age of physicians increase per year (data between 2004 and 2009)?
Between 2004 and 2009, the average age of MD > by 1.2 years.
How many/what percentage of the nursing profession (RNs) were older (between 40 and 60) in 2009?
Older workers also dominated the nursing professions, accounting for 57% of the registered nurse workforce in 2009
What does the term “shortage” imply? (shortage of health care workers)
Could mean any or all of the following:
There are more jobs than qualified people, resulting in persistent vacancy rates.
Qualified people have, for various reasons, left the workforce.
The need for services is growing faster than the capacity to address it.
Overall capacity is sufficient but is poorly distributed (for example some areas are overserved while others are underserved).
The division of labor is inefficient (for example, nurses doing work that could be done by licensed practical nurses, or MD doing work to be done by a NP).
Work is not organized efficiently, resulting in wasted time and lower productivity
People are getting services that they do not need
– (for example, for many, an annual complete physical examination is not necessary), which effectively crowd the services they do need.
What is one thing that gets in the way of solutions to health care worker shortages?
Making plans and projections without fully understanding which of these is at work may fail to solve the problem, or solve it inefficiently.
What increase in nursing productivity annually would eliminate half the projected shortage of nurses by 2022?
A recent report indicated that 1% annual increase in nursing productivity eliminate half the projected shortage of nurses by 2022.
What does the CNA predict about reducing RN absenteeism?
Reducing RN annual absenteeism from 14 days to seven days for just three years is equal to adding 7,000 FTE RNs to Canada’s nursing pool.
Increasing enrolment in RN entry-to-practice education programs by 1000 per year from 2009 to 2011 would reduce the shortage to 45 000 from 60 000 full time equivalent RNs by 2022
How much did the number of registered nurses across Canada grow between 2001 and 2009?
15%
How much did the number of active registered physicians increase in the past nine years?
16%
Who’s responsibility (policy lever) is data collection and monitoring, and what level of government does each organization/department belong to?
CIHI - National
Ministries of Health - Provincial
Research Organizations - Provincial/Local
Stakeholder Organizations - National/Provincial
Local communities - local
Who determines (which policy lever) the number and mix of post-graduate positions, and what level of government does each organization/department belong to?
Ministries of Health - Provincial
Faculties of Medicine - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for the number of undergraduate positions, and what level of government does each organization/department belong to?
Ministries of Health - Provincial
Ministries of Colleges/Universities - Provincial
Faculties of Medicine/Nursing - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for tuition costs, and what level of government does each organization/department belong to?
Ministries of Colleges/Universities - Provincial
Universities - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for educational curriculum, and what levels of government does each organization/department belong to?
Medical Council of Canada - National
Faculties of Medicine/Nursing - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for training curriculum, and what levels of government does each organization/department belong to?
RCPSC - National
CFPC - National
Faculties of Medicine/Nursing - Local
Academic Health Science Centres - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for registration/licensing standards, and what level of government do they belong to?
Regulatory bodies - Provincial
Who is responsible (policy lever) for ongoing competency assessment, and what levels of government does each organization/department belong to?
RCPSC - National
CFPC - National
Regulatory Bodies - Provincial
Employers - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for determining practice standards, and what level of government does each organization/department belong to?
RCPSC - National CFPC - National Regulatory Bodies - Provincial Professional Associates - National and Provincial Employers - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for determining scopes of practice, and what level of government do they belong to?
Regulatory bodies - provincial
Who is responsible (policy lever) for immigration policy, and what levels of governments does each department/organization belong to?
Canadian Government - National
Provincial Governments - Provincial
Who is responsible (policy lever) for system financial incentives, and what level of government does each department/organization belong to?
Ministries of Health - Provincial
Bargaining Agents - Provincial
Who is responsible (policy lever) for recruitment and retention programs, and what level of government does each department/organization belong to?
Ministries of Health - Provincial
Local communities - Local
Employers - Local
Who is responsible (policy lever) for job design, and what level of government does each department/organization belong to?
Employers - Local
Unions - Local/Provincial
Who is responsible (policy lever) for collective agreements, and what level of government does each department/organization belong to?
Governments - Provincial
Bargaining Agents - Local
What is one factor that contributes to the global shortage of health care professionals according to the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)?
International migration.
How many health care professionals (doctors and nurses) are graduates of international schools?
In Canada in 2009, approximately 24% of physicians and 8% of registered nurses were graduates of international school.
