4.Artificial intelligence Flashcards
What are some of the places that A. I. appears in everyday life.
It’s helping banks make loan decisions, and helping doctors diagnose patients, it’s
on our cell phones, autocompleting texts, it’s the algorithm recommending YouTube
videos to watch after this one!
What makes a machine A.I.
A machine is said to have artificial intelligence if it can interpret data, potentially learn
from the data, and use that knowledge to adapt and achieve specific goals.
When and how did the term Artificial intelligence come into being
named in 1956 by a computer scientist named John McCarthy, for the “Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence.”
What was the “Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence.”
an eight week long conference with computer scientists, cognitive psychologists, and mathematicians. Many of the concepts that we’ll talk about, like artificial neural networks, were dreamed up and developed during this conference and in the few years that
followed.
what were something that was wrong with the Dartmouth Conference?
scientists were really optimistic about artificial intelligence, and had some wrong predictions about technology, and specifically AI. one, Marvin Minsky was a talented cognitive scientist, claimed that in “three to eight years we will have a machine with the general intelligence of an average human being.”
What is the AI winter and when did it end
The period where AI tech stalled and it ended around 2010
what are the 3 basic things an AI needs to learn something?
a lot of data, we have to label the data with whatever information the AI is trying to learn, a powerful enough computer to make sense of all the data .
What level of intelligence was AI In 1956?
AI could tell the difference between a triangle and a circle, and the most advanced computer was the IBM 7090
What was the first development towards ending the A. I. winter?
a huge increase in computing power and how fast computers could process data
What was the IBM 7090 like
It filled a whole room, stored data on basically giant cassette tapes, and took instructions
using paper punch cards. Every second, the IBM 7090 could do about 200,000 operations
How long would it take a human to do 200,000 operations per second as compared to the IBM 7090.
It would take a human 55 1/2 hours and the IBM 7090 only a single second
What determines the speed of a computer?
the number of transistors
How long does it take modern science to upgrade transistors
Every two years or so since 1956, engineers have doubled the number of transistors that can fit in the same amount of space.
How many operations can a modern supercomputer do in a second?
30 quadrillion operations per second
How long would it take the IBM 7090 to do 30 quadrillion operations per second as compared to a modern supercomputer
It would take a human 4,753 years and the a modern super computer only a single second
