485 comprehensive Flashcards
Test
tool or instrument one uses by knowing what they are going to test
measurement
process in which you test/ collect data
What is an example of measurement for hydrostatic weighing ?
procedures for HW
What is an example for a test for body comp?
Skinfold caliper itself
Evaulation
anaylsis of interpretation from data collected
Quantative Measurement, define and provide example
a measure dealing with quantity or an amount such as an increase in temperature
Qualitative Measurments, define and give example
a measure of quality such as an observation, verbage
Norm-Ref-ing Testing define and provide example
reference setting norms compared to a group (relative to others) such as percentile, grading on a curve
Criterion-Referencing Testing define and provide example
referenced to standard such as blood pressure, or cpr test
Which type of test is being describe when one syas that Lynne has mastered a skill?
a) norm
b) crit
B
What are the 3 domains of learning?
1) Cognitive Learning
2) Psychomotor Learning
3) Affective Learning
Describe Cognitive Learning
knowledge
Describe Psychomotor learning
physical learning such as skill test
Describe Affective Learning
attitude towards learning
values learning
Formative Evaluation occurs
during
Summative Eval occurs
at the end
Purpose of formative eval
gives feedback as going along to check for understanding
examples of formative evals
observatins, interval data during, quiz, asking did they get it, and progress checks
summative eval examples
final exams
summative eval purpose
mastery/ end results to make informed choices on the client or pt, and is twofold
3 components that must be included when writing a behvavorial/ performance objective that need to be measureabel include:
Behavior (TASK)
Condition
Criterion
Why obj’s/goals acctability?
to track changes and for both trainer and client to have movitation for those goals
SMART acronym is for what purpose?
goal setting
S stands for
Specific to what is going be asked to do (W questions_
M
Measureable- informal/formal
A
Attainable- Do i have the skills?
R
Realistic- Can i really do this?
T
Timelyness- how long to achieve these goals?
process
how one gets to their goals
outcome/product
end result (goals acheived yes or no)
Intructional/Evalutauton model is
1) Pre-assesment
2) Obj/goals
3) prescription/instuction to program/ how to acheive goals
4) measurment
5) Evaulation
This is a continuous process, and will follow where ever change in this sequence needs to take place and then cycle through the steps again.
5 components of Health Related physical fitness
CRF Flexibility body comp muscular strength muscular endurance
6 components perfomance or skill related fitness
agility balance speed power coordination Rxn time
Aldrich Hitchcock is the
father of measurements
Continuous Variables
data can be any pt on the scale (whole #, fraction/decimal)
example of conutnius variables
time, ht, weight, distance
discrete variables
whole numbers only, yes or no did pull up or not
Nominal data
naming ones, that are not better than the other, categorizing, no averages needed
Ordinal data
order, rank by some characteristics, not = measirements n btween, pure ranking dont know how much better or worse something is based on numbers
Interval data
measurement btwn pts is equal but zero doesn’t represent lack of characteristics, its just point on a scale such as temperature, even to point where if the value is 0 that means the person answered no questions, cant assume he has no knowledge
Ratio data
equal units of measure from one to next; where 0 represents a lack of characteristics being measured (opposite of interval) 0=0 in this one and is the base
What are the journal sections?
Intro
Method
Results
Discussion
Which of the following is considered the process of colelcting data: a. test; b. measurement; c. eval?
b
Which type of eval is used if primary reason for evaluating is motivation? why?
formative eval
It is the like a progress check to see if one has improved or not, such as a 1-RM at the end of each week to see if training helped or was not enough
Intro components
Background info
Lit Review
Purpose
Methods components
Participants involved/ Demographics
Experimental Design
Should be able to replicate study like a recipe
materials/equipment
Results
What happened
what stat used and why
graph used clearly demonstrating data
Hypothesis valid or rejected
Discussion
Purpose
expanded analysis of results
addresses ways to improve study
Delimitations
Bell Curve/ Normal Distrubition Curve
Equal/ symmetry
Mode, MD, and Mean is right on top of hump and all equal the same value. Bulk of scores are in middle
Positively Skewd Curve
Outliers are pulling the mean towards them, and they are higher values than X, MD, Mode. The mode, MD, and mean are less than the outliers, but the mean is greater than MD and Mode, so MD is greater than mode as well but less than X.
Bulk of scores at low end = hard test
kurtosis
peak
platuric
plateaus
Negative Skewd Curve
Outliers/ extremes are pulling mean towards them but they are lower values than X, MD, Mode.
The mode, MD, X are greater than the outliers, but the mode has the highest value greater than MD and X.
Bulk of scores at high end
For ungrouped data, Median is the
counted up from the bottom to find the median score (50%)
How do you calculate positional point for median for grouped data
N(.5)
Positional point for percentile formula =
Percentile in decimal form ( N )
N =
amount of participants
postional pt of median score for ungrouped data
Mode =
most frequent score, so f
LL=
Lower limit of the intended interval you are looking for, and is .5 lower than the lowest # in that interval
Median formula for grouped data
MD = L L + (SN/f x SI)
SN
scores needed
scores needed to get to posititonal point, use cf column underneath and subtract that from the position you are looking for
Mean formula ungrouped data
X = (∑ x)/ N or ∑Xf/N
Midpt Formula for grouped data
∑fx/N or ∑fm/N
SN = formula
point - cf below
f in MD formula =
the frequency for interval pertaining your positional point
Standard Deviation = G or S = formula
s = √[(N∑x^2 - (∑x(^2))/ N(N-1) ]
Range = formula
R = H- L or H-L +1
The mode for ungrouped data is
most frequent score
MD for ungrouped data = formula
(N+1)/2
SI =
size of interval
mode for grouped data use
midpt of most frequent score
What is a rough estimate central tendency ? When
Mode
When N is Large & there is a normal distribution
What of the 3 central tendency shows where the concentration of scores are?
Mode
What is the least effective measure of C.T. ?
Mode
Mode has very little what?
statistical value
an example of mode
Most frequently missed skill, quest
Mode has a hierarchy T/F?
True
What CT is computed easier than mean?
median
Median has a hierarchy T/F?
False
What CT is not affected by extreme scores in weight of, just positional pt??
MD
When is MD better than mean? How come?
MD is better than mean if:
1) N is small
2) distribution is skewed
Since it these cases, it best represents the whole group since the mean is pulled by the extreme values/outliers.
Mean is similar to what in a lever?
Fulcrum or balance pt
What is the most widely used measure of CT in advanced stats?
Mean
Mean is what?
Mean is the point where there is a balance; same amount of points on each side
For mean, each score has what to do what?
In mean, each score has weight equal to its full value
mean is based on what?
every score
Extreme scores/ outliers will do what?
pull the mean away towards the outliers
