4.7.3🫐 Flashcards
What is addition polymerisation?
Where alkenes are used to make polymers such as poly ethene.
What happens in addition polymerisation reactions?
Very small molecules (monomers) bond together to form very large molecules (polymers)
How do you represent addition polymerisation?
You draw repeat units.
In addition polymerisation, the repeating unit has the same atoms as the monomers, why?
No other molecules are formed or lost during the reaction.
What is a condensation polymer?
Involves monomers with 2 functional groups.
What happens in a condensation polymerisation reaction?
When these types of monomers react they lose small molecules such as water, and so the reactions are called condensation reactions.
Give an example of a condensation reaction:
Polyester is produced from carboxylic acids and alcohols.
What is another example of a condensation reaction and how is it formed?
(Polypeptides) Amino acids. Amino acids have 2 different functional groups in a molecule.
When amino acids can combine in the same chain, what do they produce?
A protein.
Give an example of another thing that polymerises to produce a poly peptide
Glycine
What is an example of another naturally occurring polymer?
DNA.
What is DNA and what does it do?
DNA Is a large molecule essential for life, it encodes genetic instructions for the development of an organism.
Describe the structure of DNA:
DNA is 2 polymer chains, made from 4 different monomers called nucleotides, in the form of a double helix.
What are examples of other naturally occurring polymers that are essential for life?
Proteins, starch and cellulose
What is the monomer that proteins are made from?
Amino acids
