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4.6.1 - Forces and Energy > 4.6.1 Forces and Energy > Flashcards

4.6.1 Forces and Energy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between a contact and non-contact force?

A

Contact – objects must be touching Non-contact – objects do not need to touch

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2
Q

Define what a scalar quantity is.

A

A quantity with magnitude only

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3
Q

Give an example of a scalar quantity.

A

Speed, mass, distance

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4
Q

Define what a vector quantity is.

A

A quantity with magnitude and direction

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5
Q

Give an example of a vector quantity.

A

Velocity, force, displacement

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6
Q

What two properties do force arrows show?

A

Magnitude and direction

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7
Q

A tennis ball is dropped and falls to the floor. Name one contact and one non-contact force that acts on the ball.

A

Contact – air resistance/ drag Non-contact – gravity

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8
Q

Why are forces described as vector quantities?

A

They have magnitude and direction

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9
Q

Name two things that can happen when forces act on an object.

A

Change speed or direction

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10
Q

What is it called if the two forces are the same size and act in opposite directions?

A

Balanced

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11
Q

What 2 things can happen if the forces are the same size?

A

Stationary object remains stationary, Moving object maintains speed and direction

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12
Q

What 2 things can happen if the forces are not the same size?

A

Change speed, direction or shape

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13
Q

What is the resultant force?

A

Single force that replaces all the forces acting on an object.

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14
Q

If forces act along the same axis, how can resultant force be calculated?

A

By finding the difference between them

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15
Q

What is a vector diagram?

A

A diagram to show the overall single effect of forces

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16
Q

In physics, when is work done?

A

When a force moves an object

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17
Q

What two factors affect work done?

A

Force and distance

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18
Q

What is the word equation used to calculate work done?

A

Work done = Force x Distance

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19
Q

What are the units for work done?

A

Joules

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20
Q

One newton-metre is equal to how many joules?

A

1 Joule

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21
Q

What is the relationship between work done and energy transferred?

A

They are equal

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22
Q

What is weight?

A

The force of gravity acting on an object

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23
Q

What is the unit for weight?

A

Newtons

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24
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of substance an object contains

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25
What apparatus can be used to measure weight?
Newtonmeter
26
How is mass calculated?
Mass = Weight ÷ GFS
27
What is the value of GFS on Earth?
9.8 N/kg
28
What effect does decreasing weight have on mass?
Decreases mass
29
What force will act on a falling object?
Gravity
30
How do objects on Earth gain GPE?
Being raised above the ground
31
Give two reasons why books on a higher shelf have more GPE than books on a lower shelf
They have a greater mass and are higher up
32
State the equation for calculating GPE.
Mass x GFS x height
33
What is the unit for GPE?
Joules
34
What is GFS on Earth?
9.8 N/kg
35
When an object falls what is GPE transferred into?
Kinetic energy
36
What is the minimum number of forces needed to deform a stationary object?
2
37
What is elastic deformation?
When a stretched/ compressed object returns to its original shape
38
How does elastic deformation differ from inelastic deformation?
Inelastic deformation – object does not return to original shape
39
Describe the relationship between force and extension before the limit of proportionality.
Directly proportional, linear
40
Describe the relationship between force and extension after the limit of proportionality.
Non-linear
41
What is the limit of proportionality?
The point at which an object no longer obeys Hooke’s law
42
State the equation which links extension, force and spring constant.
Force = Spring constant x Extension
43
What is the relationship between elastic potential energy and work done?
As long as the limit of proportionality has not been exceeded, they are equal
44
How do you calculate work done?
Work done = Force x Distance
45
What happens to elastic potential energy when a spring returns to its original length?
It is transferred to other energy stores, e.g. kinetic or thermal
46
What is spring constant measured in?
N/m (Newtons per metre)
47
How would you prove an object is elastic?
It stretches or compresses
48
What are vector diagrams used for?
To show the resultant force acting on an object
49
What equation links weight, mass and GFS?
Weight =  Mass x GFS
50
What is the value of GFS on Earth?
9.8 N/kg
51
What type of quantity is force?
Vector
52
What term matches this definition? Squashing an object with opposing forces.
Compression
53
What term matches this definition? A force that only acts when objects are touching
Contact force
54
What term matches this definition? When two quantities increase/ decrease by the same amount
Directly proportional
55
What term matches this definition? Displacement is the distance moved in a straight line, in a given direction, from the starting point
Displacement
56
What term matches this definition? An object deforms when a force is applied, but returns to its origional shape when the force is removed.
Elastic deformation
57
What term matches this definition? Energ stored in a stretched or compressed object.
Elastic potential energy
58
What term matches this definition? The distance an object is stretched when a force is applied.
Extension
59
What term matches this definition? A diagram used to show the forces acting on an object.
Free body diagram
60
What term matches this definition? The strength of gravity on a given planet.
Gravitational field strength
61
What term matches this definition? The energy stored in an object with mass which is held above the ground.
Gravitational potential energy
62
What term matches this definition? An object deforms when a force is applied, but does not return to its origional shape when the force is removed.
Inelastic deformation
63
What term matches this definition? The unit of measurement for energy
Joule
64
What term matches this definition? The point after which force and extension are no longer directly proportional
Limit of proportionality
65
What term matches this definition? The size of a quantity
Magnitude
66
What term matches this definition? The amount of matter or particles that make up an object
Mass
67
What term matches this definition? The scientific term for movement
Motion
68
What term matches this definition? The units for Spring constant
Newton-metre
69
What term matches this definition? A force that only acts when objects are not touching
Non-contact force
70
What term matches this definition? A single force that replaces all the other forces acting on an object
Resultant force
71
What term matches this definition? A quantity with only magnitude
Scalar quantity
72
What term matches this definition? A measure of how much force is needed to extend a spring
Spring constant
73
What term matches this definition? A diagram that shows forces acting on an object,allowing you to calculate the resultant force, even when forces act at an angle
Vector diagram
74
What term matches this definition? A quantity with both magnitude and direction
Vector quantity
75
What term matches this definition? A force that explains how gravity acts on objects with mass
Weight
76
What term matches this definition? When force is required to move an object a certain distance
Work
77
What is a vector quantity?
has a direction as well as a magnitude
78
Define the spring constant
a measure of how easy it is to stretch or compress a spring
79
Define the spring constant
a measure of how easy it is to stretch or compress a spring

4.6.1 - Forces and Energy (1 decks)

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