4.6 - Biodiveristy Within A Community & 4.7 - Investigating Biodiversity

Question 1

What is biodiversity?

Answer 1

The variety of living organisms in an area.

Question 2

Define community.

Answer 2

All the populations of different species in a habitat

Question 3

What is species richness?

Answer 3

Measure of the number of different species in a community.
A way to measure biodiversity.

Question 4

What is an index of biodiversity?

Answer 4

Way of measuring biodiversity
Takes into account both the species richness and the abundance of each species

Question 5

How do you calculate index of biodiversity?

Answer 5

Look up answer lol its too hard to type out

Question 6

What impact does agriculture have on species diversity?

Answer 6

Decreases species richness as
-farmland is typically used for only 1 species (monoculture)
-uses of pesticides/herbicides

Question 7

What impact does agriculture have on genetic diversity?

Answer 7

Decreases genetic diversity as farmers selectively breed, which reduces number of different alleles in the population.

Question 8

How can biodiversity be increased in areas of agriculture?

Answer 8

• use hedgerows instead of fences.
• **grown different crops **in the same area, or rotate crops around after a season
• limit use of pesticides and herbicides

Question 9

Name 4 ways we can measure genetic diversity between organisms.

Answer 9

• frequency of observable characteristics
• base sequence of DNA
• base sequence of mRNA
• amino acid sequence

Question 10

What is meant by gene technology?

Answer 10

Sampling DNA or mRNA in order to read & compare the base sequence of organisms.

Question 11

Why do scientists prefer to use gene technology instead of observation?

Answer 11

As observable characteristics could be influenced by the environment, and characteristics could be coded for by more than one gene.

Question 12

What is meant by interspecific variation?

Answer 12

Differences between individuals of different species.

Question 13

What is meant by intraspecific variation?

Answer 13

Differences between individuals of the same species.

Question 14

What is sampling?

Answer 14

Selecting a group of individuals to measure that will represent the whole target populations.

Question 15

How can a random sample be achieved?

Answer 15

Create a grid for your sample area.
Randomly generate coordinates where a quadratic or transect can be places.
Repeat until required sample size is reached.