4.6

Question 1

blood

Answer 1

the red liquid that circulates around the body. It is made up of plasma, blood cells and platelets.

Question 2

erythrocytes

Answer 2

red blood cells

Question 3

leucocytes

Answer 3

white blood cells

Question 4

plasma

Answer 4

the yellowish, liquid part of blood that contains water, minerals, food and wastes from cells

Question 5

red blood cells

Answer 5

living cells in the blood that transport oxygen to all other living cells in the body

Question 6

haemoglobin

Answer 6

the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen

Question 7

oxyhaemoglobin

Answer 7

haemoglobin with oxygen molecules attached

Question 8

White blood cells

Answer 8

living cells that fight bacteria and viruses as part of the human body’s immune system

Question 9

Platelets

Answer 9

small bodies involved in blood clotting. They are responsible for healing by clumping together around a wound.

Question 10

circulatory system

Answer 10

the body system that circulates oxygen in blood to all the cells of the body. The circulatory system consists of the heart, the blood vessels and blood.

Question 11

arteries

Answer 11

hollow tubes (vessels) with thick walls carrying blood pumped from the heart to other body parts

Question 12

veins

Answer 12

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. They have valves and thinner walls than arteries.

Question 13

capillaries

Answer 13

minute tubes carrying blood to body cells. Every cell of the body is supplied with blood through capillaries.

Question 14

oxygenated blood

Answer 14

Blood with oxygen in it

Question 15

deoxygenated blood

Answer 15

Blood where oxygen has been removed

Question 16

vena cava

Answer 16

large vein leading into the top right chamber of the heart

Question 17

left atrium

Answer 17

upper left section of the heart where oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the heart

Question 18

right atrium

Answer 18

upper right section of the heart where deoxygenated blood from the body enters

Question 19

left ventricle

Answer 19

lower left section of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body

Question 20

right ventricle

Answer 20

lower right section of the heart, which pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 21

valves

Answer 21

flap-like folds in the lining of a blood vessel or other hollow organ that allow a liquid, such as blood, to flow in one direction only

Question 22

blood pressure

Answer 22

measures how strongly the blood is pumped through the body’s main arteries

Question 23

systolic pressure

Answer 23

the higher blood pressure reading during contraction of the heart muscles

Question 24

diastolic pressure

Answer 24

the lower blood pressure reading during relaxation of the heart muscles

Question 25

heartbeat

Answer 25

contraction of the heart muscle occurring about 60–100 times per minute

Question 26

pulse

Answer 26

alternating contraction and expansion of arteries due to the pumping of blood by the heart

Question 27

pacemaker

Answer 27

electronic device inserted in the chest to keep the heart beating regularly at the correct rate. It works by stimulating the heart with tiny electrical impulses.

Question 28

cardiac muscle

Answer 28

special kind of muscle in the heart that never tires. It is involved in pumping blood through the heart.