45-55 Flashcards by Lovely Joyce Merino

are much smaller than ticks. Morphology and stages of development similartoticks (eggs, larva nymph, adult)

Mites

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Sub-order of mites that possess single pair of stigmata (spiracular plate) behind the thirdpair of coax. the body spiny or hairy.  Legs long extending beyond the margins of body.  Mouthparts long, slender and needle-like.

SUB-ORDER MESOSTIGMATA

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Red mite of poultry, attacks Chickens, pigeons andotherbirds. It is a mite of temperate zones. Red when newly engorged with blood. Larvaedonot feed, nymph and adult suck blood but spent most of their time hidingincrackandcrevices.

Dermanyssus gallinae

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“tropical fowl mite”, mite of warm countries. It is common in thePhilippinesand attacks chickens and other birds It is locally known as “hanip” red whennewengorged with blood.

Ornithonyssus bursa

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Both species of this Ornithonyssus stay in the chicken more often than hide incracksandcrevices. Adults are quick to crawl onto a person handling chickens It is commoninbrooding native chickens.

Ornithonyssus sylviarum & Ornithonyssus bursa

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“tropical rat mite” common in the Philippines; serves as intermediatehostofrodent filarial, Litomosoides carinii.

Ornithonyssus bacoti

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“spiny rat mite,” intermediate host of Hepatozoonmuris

Echinolaelaps echidninus

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external ear of cattle. Causing signs of shaking of the headandears

Reillietta auris

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occurs in the nasal passages and sinuses of dogs(U.S., Hawaii, Australia, South Africa). Signs Include redeming of mucosa, sneezing; shakingof head and rubbing of the nose.

Pneumonyssoides caninum

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in the bronchi of rhesus monkey

Pneumonyssoides simicola

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sub-order of mites which the palpi are highly developed. Hairst-like setae are present. There is a deep furrow between the gnathosoma (mouthparts) andtheidiosoma (body), making the body appear divided into two parts: Anterior part with two pairs of front legs
Posterior part with two pairs of hind legs

Sub-order TROMBIDIFORMES

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Members of this family are called “chiggers,” a term also given to Tunga penetrans (althoughTungapenetrans is actually a flea, not a mite).

Family TROMBICULIDAE

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Larvae of family TROMBICULIDAE are parasitic on various animals and humans, causing much irritation. Larvae are bright red in color. These larvae are called what?

“red bugs” or “tungaw”

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These larval mites attach themselves to the host, and their salivary secretionhydrolyzes the host cuticle, forming a tube called a _________, through which the larva sucks up the host’s tissue fluids.

stylostome

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Members of this genus transmit Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

genus Leptotrombidium

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cause of tsutsugamushi fever (scrub typhus) or river valley fever

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

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this family is Cigar-shaped, elongate with stumpy legs. Demodicids live in hair follicles andsebaceous glands of various mammals, causing “demodectic mange” or “follicular mange.”

Family: Demodicidae

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Family: Demodicidae causes

“demodectic mange” or “follicular mange.”

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Genus Demodex of dogs

Demodex canis

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Genus Demodex of cattle

Demodex bovis

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Genus Demodex of sheep

Demodex ovis

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Genus Demodex of goat

Demodex caprae

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Genus Demodex of human

Demodex folliculorum

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Genus Demodex of pig

phylloides

Genus Demodex of horses

Demodex equi

Genus Demodex of carabao

Demodex bubalis

Condition caused by demodicidae

Demodectic mange or demodecosis

Mite enters hair follicles andsebaceousglands producing chronic inflammation, characterized by thickening of theepidermisand loss of hair. Staphylococci enter skin causing formation of pustules andabscesses. Cause intense itchiness.

Demodectic mange or demodecosis

This type of demodecosis is when skin highly reddened with blood and serum oozing fromaffectedarea. Bacterial invasion leads to formation of abscesses and necrotic foci. Itchingislesssevere than that of squamous type. In dogs, lesions appear usually on theface, around the eyes, muzzle and fore paws. But can be generalized in some caseswherelesions may cover entire body.

Pustular type

This type of demodecosis is characterized by loss of hair (alopecia); thickeningandwrinkling of the skin, which become scaly, usually "reddened" or coppery redincolor

Squamous type or scaly form

How to diagnose demodecosis?

Make deep skin scraping, deep enough to cause the flow of blood. Examinescrapingsin mineral oil or in 10% KOH under the microscope.

Under family CHEYLETIDAE, this specie is on Skin of sheep in Australia and New Zealand, causing"Australian itch", characterized by itchiness, wool biting, and scratching.

Psorergates ovis

one of the most persistent diseases and often responds poorly to treatment.

Demodectic mange

Under family CHEYLETIDAE, this specie is the itch mite on cattle

Psorobia bos

Fur mite on dogs

Cheyletiella blakei

Fur mite on cats

Cheyletiella yasgur

Under family CHEYLETIDAE, this specie is found on house mice.

Psorobia simples

Fur mites found on rabbits

Cheyletiella parasitivorax

Sub-order which nymphs are known as "hypopial nymphs" or "hypopi". Males often have copulatory suckers on the tarsi and anal region. Mites burrow deeply into the skin, forming tunnels. Cause thickening of theskinratherthan scab formation.

Sub-order SARCOPTIFORMES

Members of this family are obligate parasites of rodents, bats, insectivores, andcertain marsupials. Their chelicerae are long and stylet-like, adapted for puncturingthin epidermal tissues to feed on extracellular fluids.

Family MYOBIIDAE

What family has body globose or spherical, circular in outline. Dorsum usually has scales or thickspines. Legs are short, with suckers on some or all legs. Anus terminal andventral ordorsal in position. Male posterior end is not bilobed. Members are permanent parasites on the skin, feathers, and hair of the host.

Family SARCOPTIDAE

Mange or Itch Mites, what family?

Family SARCOPTIDAE

Tarsal sucker on a long and unjointed pedicel; suckers on legs 1 &2inthefemale and legs 1, 2 & 4 in the male; anus terminal.

Sarcoptes

sarcoptic mange mite or scabies mite

Sarcoptes scabiei

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of humans

Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of dogs

Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of pigs

Sarcoptes scabiei var suis

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of sheep

Sarcoptes scabiei var. ovis

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of goat

Sarcoptes scabiei var. caprae

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of horse

Sarcoptes scabiei var. equi

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of cattle

Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis

Sarcoptes scabiei variety of carabao

Sarcoptes scabiei var. bubalis

genera Family SARCOPTIDAE (Mange or Itch Mites) with tarsal sucker on a long and unjointed pedicel; suckers on legs 1 &2inthefemale and legs 1, 2 & 4 in the male; anus terminal.

Sarcoptes

genera Family SARCOPTIDAE (Mange or Itch Mites) with Tarsal sucker on a long and unjointed pedicel; suckers on legs1 &2inthe female and legs 1, 2 & 4 in the male; anus dorsal.

Notoedres

Notoedres cati Found in ears of rabbits. Anus is located dorsally andsubterminally. Body is more circular than Sarcoptes.

Notoedres cati var cunicul

Notoedres Found on ears, head, and back of the neck of cats.

Notoedres cati

genera Family SARCOPTIDAE (Mange or Itch Mites) with – Round, short-legged mites. Tarsal sucker, if present, is onanunjointed pedicel; suckers on legs 1 & 2 in the female and legs 1, 2 &4in themale; anus terminal.

Cnemidocoptes

"Depluming itch mite" of chickens. Mites burrow into the skinalongsidethe feather shaft, leading to itching and feather pulling on the back and wings.

Cnemidocoptes gallinae

"Scaly leg mite" of poultry. Common in the Philippines. Mites burrowbeneath the scales, causing powdery raised scales and deformed legs

Cnemidocoptes mutans

Causes scaly face and leg in parakeets and lovebirds. Leads todeformationof the beak, which becomes scaly and crusty.

Cnemidocoptes pilae

effective for treating sarcoptic mange in various animal species

Ivermectin

Known as "scab mites" and the cause of psoroptic mange. Oval body, longer legs extending beyond the body margin, no tarsal spines or scales, non-burrowing mites.

Genus Psoroptes

Scab mites of Sheep, cattle, and horses.

Psoroptes ovis

Scab mites of Horses, donkeys, and mules

Psoroptes equi

Scab mites of Cattle, buffalo, and carabao

Psoroptes bovis

Ear mite of rabbits, goats, sheep, donkeys, and mules

Psoroptes cuniculi

Cause of Chorioptic Mange

Genus Chorioptes

Chorioptic Mange on Legs of cattle.

Chorioptes bovis

Chorioptic Mange Fetlock of horses.

Chorioptes equi

Chorioptic Mange on Pastern of sheep.

Chorioptes ovis

Chorioptic Mange on Legs of goats

Chorioptes caprae

Chorioptic Mange on Ears of rabbits.

Chorioptes cuniculi

causes "foot mange" or "itchy leg", resulting in rubbing, scratching, leg biting, andkicking of the infected animal

Chorioptes bovis

This genus resembles Psoroptes

Genus Chorioptes

Cause of Otodectic Mange (Ear Mange)

Genus Otodectes

The ear mite of dogs, cats, and other animals. It produces"otocariasis," "parasitic otitis," "ear mange," or "otodectic mange.

Otodectes cynotis

(Feather Mites)

Family ANALGESIDAE

Feather mites found on feathers and skin of chickens and turkeys (commoninthe Philippines)

Megninia cubitalis

Feather mites found on pigeon

Megninia columbae

Feather mites found on turkeys

Megninia sp

DERMOGLYPHIDAE Found on feathers of pigeons.

Falculifer rostratus

DERMOGLYPHIDAE specie found in feathers and skin of chickens. Very common, causesfeather loss.

Pterolichus obtusus

Family of airsac mite

CYTODITIDAE

Feather mites found on feathers of ducks

Leptosphyra velata

Airsac mite of fowl

Cytodites nudus

"subcutaneous roite" of fowl

Laminosioptes cysticola

Family of "subcutaneous roite"

LAMINOSIOPTIDAE

Under Family EPIDERMOPTIDAE, found in skin of fowls

Epidermoptes bilobatus

e responsible for house-dust allergy in man

Dermatophagoides farina

Example of Porocephalus sp

1. Porocephalus crotali 2. Porocephalus clavatus 3. Porocephalus subulifer

Under Family POROCEPHALIDAE. -adults and nymphs occur in nasal passages and adjacent sinuses of dogs, foxes and wolves. Larvae and encysted nymphs are foundin herbivores Both adult and larvae have been found in man. It is tongue-shaped, convexdorsally and flat ventrally. Female is 8-10 cm in length with about 90annulations. Cuticle is transversely striated.

Linguatula serrata

Adults (3-5 cm-long) in the nasal cavities, trachea and lungs of snakes (pythons, venomous snakes), which are the final hosts. Body cylindrical, deeply ringed: (beaded appearance). Nymphs are in mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, kidney etc. of wild and domesticanimals,and man, which serve as intermediate hosts

Armillifer armillatus

Small group of arthropods allied to mites. Endoparasites. Adults live in respiratoryorgans. Larvae and nymphs are free or encysted in the viscera of mammals, birds, reptiles, and fishes. Elongate and worm-like, appendages are lacking. Broad cephalothorax merges into tapering abdomen. Female is larger thanmale. Anterior part is thick; ventral surface flat and armed with two pairs of retractile, chitinous hooks in invaginations on either side of oval suctorial mouth. Cuticiastriatedor deeply ringed.

Class PENTASTOMIDA

4 groups of INJURIOUS, NON-PARASITIC ARTHROPODS

1. Piercing or biting species 2. Stinging species 3. Nettling or urticating species 4. Cryptotoxic species

Poisonous substance is injected by mouth partsor poison claws, e.g., spiders, centipedes.

Piercing or biting species

Poisons are injected by means of a sting located at theendofthe abdomen, e.g., scorpions, wasps, and bees.

Stinging species

Hairs or scales possess irritating properties, e.g., caterpillars.

Nettling or urticating species

Contains irritant or toxic body fluids, e.g., blister beetles.

Cryptotoxic species

Millipedes. Has 2 pairs of legs per body segment. Normallyfeedson decaying plant matter. Not poisonous, but some large species (11 inches) mayinject irritating fluid, which can cause dermatitis and blindness in birds, e.g., Julusterrestris (1 inch long").

Order Diplopoda)

Centipedes or "alupihan". Have one pair of legs per bodysegment.First pair of legs modified into strong poison claws. Feed on insects andsmall animals(birds, mice). A large centipede, Scolopendra gigantea (11 inches), when ingested, cancause lymphangitis, fever, vomiting and headache in man.

Order Chilopoda

2 stinging species

1. Millipedes (Order Diplopoda) 2. Centipedes or "alupihan" (Order Chilopoda)

bumble bees

Bompus sp.

honey bees

Apis mellifera

Wasp

(Vespa crabro

Stinging bees

Order Hymenoptera

Ant specie that injects formic acid

Formica rufa

Among the dangerous stinging species that can kill animals are _________ or fire ants, known locally as "hantik"

Solenopsis spp

Scorpions (CN)

Alakdang

WOLF SPIDER, whichcauseda"spider scare" in Toronto, Italy, during the 17th century

Lycosa tarantula

Lycosa tarantula bites allegedly produced a condition called

tarantism

Black widow

Latrodectus mactans

4 stingin species

1. bees 2. ants 3. spider/tarantula 4. scorpion