4.3 Emerging and developing economies Flashcards

1
Q

What does HDI stand for

A

Human development index

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2
Q

What is the HDI

A
  • introduced in 1990 UN
    is a composite index measuring the average achievement in basic areas of economic development

Consists of
- health
- education
- living

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3
Q

What is the health section of HDI

A

measured by the life expectancy at birth
- represents levels of national healthcare

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4
Q

What is the Knowledge section of HDI

A

first an educational component kade of the
- means years of schooling
- expected years of schooling

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5
Q

What is the income section of HDI

A

as measured by the real Gross national income per capita at PPP

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6
Q

What does the HDI do

A

published by the UNDP and focuses on longevity, basic education and minimal income
- it tracks progress made by countries in improving these three outomes
- the inclusion of education and health indicates sign of successful government policies in providing access to important merit goods

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7
Q

Why is GNI used instead of GDP for the HDI

A

GNI is now used rather than GDP because of the growing size of remittances in the global economy and the importance of international aid payments

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8
Q

What are the advantages of of using HDI

A
  • composite indicator which provides a more useful comparison metric than single indicator do
  • corporates 3 important household metrics
  • wifely used all over the world which provides an opportunity for meaningful comparisons
  • provides a goal for governments to use when developing their policies
  • provides citizens at understanding how their quality of life compares to other countries
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of the HDI

A
  • it does not measure the inequality that exists as it uses the mean GNI/capita
  • it does not measure or compare the levels of absolute and relative poverty that exist
  • many countries it does not provide useful short-term information as gathering the data required for the calculation is difficult. This means the data often lags by several years.
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10
Q

What does IHDI stand for?

A

Inequality adjusted HDI

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11
Q

What is the IHDI

A

adjusts the HDI for inequality distribution of each dimension across the population

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of IHDI

A
  • created to deal with the lack information that hid provides
  • will be equal to HDI value when no inequality, but falls below the HDI value as inequality
  • the IHDI measures the level of human development when inequality is accounted for
  • difference between the two can be presented as a percentage
  • it provides greater insight into the differences in human development that exist in a country as opposed to the average development
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13
Q

What does MPI stand for

A

multi dimensional poverty index

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14
Q

What is the multi dimensional poverty index

A

reflects the mult deprivations that poor people face in education, health and living standards

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15
Q
A
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