4.3 Coastal Landscapes

Question 1

4.3a) Name features of a Discordant coastline!

Answer 1

It has Headlands and Bays, and different types of soft and hard rock.

Question 2

Name features of a Concordant coastline!

Answer 2

One rock type, straight coastline

Question 3

Name the three different types of plate boundaries

Answer 3

Constructive, Destructive, and Conservative

Question 4

Name a type of hard rock

Answer 4

Chalk, Limestone

Question 5

Name a type of soft rock

Answer 5

Clay, Sands

Question 6

How are arches formed?

Answer 6

Through erosion - erosion forms a cave in the cliff, which continues to erode until it becomes an arch.

Question 7

4.3b) Where do the UK’s prevailing winds come from?

Answer 7

The Atlantic.

Question 8

What are destructive waves?

Answer 8

Waves with a larger backwash and a smaller swash.

Question 9

Define Mass Movement

Answer 9

Movements of large amounts of rocks or mud through erosion or other processes.

Question 10

Name the 3 types of weathering.

Answer 10

Chemical, Biological, and Physical weathering.

Question 11

What is the rock type like on a concordant coastline?

Answer 11

The rock type is all the same, with one type of hard rock running parallel to the coastline.

Question 12

What features are found on a concordant coastline?

Answer 12

One rock type, usually hard rock. straight coast, parallel to the coast.

Question 13

What is the rock type like on a Discordant coastline?

Answer 13

Varying between soft and hard rock in a pattern perpendicular to the coastline.

Question 14

What features are found on a Discordant coastline?

Answer 14

Headlands and Bays, Arches, Stacks, Wave cut Platforms.

Question 15

What is an example of both a Discordant and Concordant coastline?

Answer 15

Discordant: Swanage Bay
Concordant: Durlston Head

Question 16

What are joints and faults? How do they effect Erosion?

Answer 16

Joints and faults are cracks in the rocks. They can effect erosion because they can lead to large chunks of rock breaking off.

Question 17

What is the difference between Hard and Soft rock? Give examples.

Answer 17

Hard rock, e.g Limestone, is impermeable and takes time to erode, whereas Soft rock E.g Clay, Sands is permeable, and erodes quickly.

Question 18

Describe what are the characteristics of headlands and bays?

Answer 18

Headlands are typically made of hard rock, and are elevated. Bays are typically made of soft rock, and have beaches.

Question 19

4.3 B: What three factors effect wave energy?

Answer 19

how long the wind has been blowing
the strength of the wind
how far the wave has travelled (the fetch)

Question 20

Where in the UK has the biggest waves, and why?

Answer 20

The South West because of waves from the Atlantic.

Question 21

Describe the characteristics of a destructive wave?

Answer 21

High fetch, low wavelength, stronger backwash than swash.

Question 22

4.3 C: Explain how LSD works

Answer 22

Longshore drift works when a wave comes into the coast at an angle. It is then reflected straight out. This process repeats, transporting sediment down the coastline.

Question 23

Explain how a spit forms

Answer 23

LSD transports sediment past a bend and deposits it in the sea. This process continues until a spit is formed.

Question 24

Explain how beaches form.

Answer 24

Beaches are formed when sediment is trapped in a bay, causing it to build up.