4.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

a measure of the variety of all the living organisms within a particular habitat

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2
Q

who came up with the binomial naming system?

A

carolus linnaeus

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3
Q

what two parts are the binomial system made up of?

A

the genus and the species

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4
Q

list the classification system

A

kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

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5
Q

what are the five kingdoms?

A

animalia, plantae, fungi, protoctista and prokaryotae

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6
Q

what organisms come under animalia?

A

multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs

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7
Q

what organisms come under plantae?

A

multicellular eukaryotes that are autotrophs

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8
Q

what organisms come under fungi?

A

multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs and digest externally

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9
Q

what organisms come under protoctista?

A

eukaryotes that photosynthesise or feed on organic matter from other sources but are not included in the other kingdoms

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10
Q

what organisms come under prokaryotae?

A

prokaryotic organisms

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11
Q

who discovered bacteria that didn’t fit into the domains and when?

A

Carl Woese in the 1960s

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12
Q

name the three domains he reformed

A

archaea, bacteria and eukaryota

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13
Q

what is convergent evolution?

A

when unrelated organisms evolve a similar appearance as they adapt to the same conditions

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14
Q

what is genetic diversity and why is it good?

A

when individuals in a species has a unique combination of alleles, it allows the population to adapt to changing conditions

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15
Q

what are the two factors used to measure biodiversity?

A

species richness and species evenness

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16
Q

what is species richness?

A

the number of species present in a given habitat

17
Q

what is species evenness?

A

measure of number of individuals of a species

18
Q

in the diversity index equation, what does N stand for?

A

the total number of organisms of all species

19
Q

in the diversity index equation, what does n stand for?

A

the total number of organisms of each species

20
Q

what does endemic mean?

A

only found in a specific area