4.2.6 Genetic Diversity Flashcards
1
Q
Why might 2 organisms have different gene pools
A
2 populations occupy different ranges in habitat so are subject to different SELECTION PRESSURES affecting allele frequencies in population
2
Q
What is a Gene pool?
A
- All different alleles in a species
- Larger gene pool, greater diversity
3
Q
Genetic polymorphism
A
- 2 or more alleles present at a single loci
4
Q
Polymorphic locus
A
Loci with multiple alleles
5
Q
Monomorphic locus
A
Loci with 1 allele
6
Q
Equation for polymorhpic gene loci. LIMITATIONS
A
P = number of polymorphic gene loci / total number of loci investigated
Limitations :
- P does not illustrate allele richness
(can compare amino acid sequences instead, or DNA sequences (preferable because DNA sequence is degenerate so amino acid sequence will tell scientists less)
Other methods :
- Comparing amino acid sequence
- Comparing DNA sequyences
7
Q
How can gene diversity be measured?
A
- Proportion of polymorphic gene loci
- Proportion of population which is heterozygous for specific gene loci
- Allele richness
