4.2.2 Series and parallel circuits

Question 1

What are the two ways that a component can be connected in a circuit?

Answer 1

1. Series (same loop)
2. Parallel (adjacent loop)

Question 2

How does the potential difference across two components vary when connected in series and parallel?

Answer 2

● Series: Total P.D is shared between each component
● Parallel: P.D across each component
is the same

Question 3

If two resistors are connected in parallel, what can be said about their combined total resistance?

Answer 3

Their total resistance is less than the smallest of the two individual resistances.

Question 4

If two resistors are connected in series, what can be said about their total resistance?

Answer 4

Their total combined resistance is equal to the sum of the two individual resistances.

Question 5

Describe the current in a series circuit.

Answer 5

In a series circuit, the current is the same at all positions since the charge only has one path to flow through.

Question 6

Describe the current in a parallel circuit.

Answer 6

In a parallel circuit, the current is shared between the different branches. When the charge reaches a junction it splits.

Question 7

How should you connect an ammeter in a circuit to measure current?

Answer 7

Ammeters should be connected in series with the component that they are measuring current through.

Question 8

How should you connect a voltmeter in a circuit to measure potential difference?

Answer 8

Voltmeters should be connected in parallel to the component that they are measuring the potential difference of.

Question 9

Why is it advantageous to connect lamps in parallel?

Answer 9

If one lamp blows, the rest will be unaffected and can still receive current (i.e. the circuit is still complete).