422 Final Flashcards by Noah Kruis

William Seymour

A one-eyed black pastor from Louisiana relocated to Los Angeles where he led a racially mixed group of Christians at 312 Azusa street in 1906 following the great SanFrancisco earthquake that began the modern Pentecostal movement.

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Azuza Street Revival

The event that began the modern Pentecostal movement

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Joel 2:28-29

Passage referring to the pouring out of God’s Sprirt on all his people. A key text for the Pentecostal movement.

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Moralistic Therapeutic Deism

Term coined by Christian Smith. Basically that a distant God has something to say about what is right or wrong when you feel like you need him to. It is referred to in Billings as a contrast to the theology of union with Christ, which implies adoption. (Billings)

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Pentecostalism

Emergence of new denominations and Christian movements defined in some way by Pentecostal theology. Often an uneducated movement. There is wide diversity with regional differences. Often include belief in baptism of the Holy Spirit, that the full range of miraculous manifestations of the Spirit are available today, less formal and more expressive worship, and a special urgency to evangelize.

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Neo-Pentecostalism

1950s. a movement of Pentecostal theology into mainline denominations with participants from numerous ethnic and class backgrounds.

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Third Wave

1983 Charles Craft & Niki Gumble, Peter Wagner and John Wimber. Belief in empowerment for ministry, prophecy, healing and spiritual warfare.

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glossolalia

Speaking in tongues. A gift of the spirit, some in the Pentecostal traditions believe that it is a sign of Baptism of the spirit.

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Flesh

Part of the Old situation. Rom. 8:6-8 - Flesh cannot submit to God’s law, cannot please God. Gal 5:17 allied with anti-Christ, if you are not in Christ you are opposed to Christ.

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Law

A threat to salvation insofar as it gets in the way of Grace. An ally of flesh (Rom 8:2, Gal 5:4) Can there be grace without law? Flesh plus law equals death because together they leave people in sin.

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Sin

apart from Christ we are in sin, the old reality, estranged from God.

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Union with Christ

Not individualistic, identity centered on Christ and his people.

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Salvation

Born of the Spirit. You don’t decide when. Individual and cosmos, corporate dimension. Salvation =/ justification. Return to health, phisical and or spiritual. deliverance

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Faith

in (content) by (experience). The opposite of works. .vehicle by which we receive grace.

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Mortification & Vivification

Dying and living, union with Christ. Baptism signifies. Sanctification Putting to death of flesh and new life in the Spirit.

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Spiritual hygiene

characterized by a life of good works, spritual disciplines, practise becomes habit becomes virtue. We are stewards of our character.

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Discipleship

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Means of grace

Word and Sacraments are means of the grace. Grace can operate outside of them and they cannot confer grace on their own.

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Missio Dei

Mission of God: redeem and restore his broken creation -> salvation.

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Kingdom of God

God is king. Those who submit to his reign are saved, purpose is salvation of all who enter.

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Day of the LORD

Day of Judgment when the Lord will return (Matt 25)

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Inaugurated Eschatology

Already but not yet.

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Intermediate State

After death before final coming. We don’t know much, Catholics believe in Purgatory. Are we conscious, does Christ evangelize among the dead?

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Millennium (4 views)

Dispensationalism, Historical Premillenialism, Postmillenialism, Amillenialism.

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Rapture

Taking up of the church (living and dead) with Christ at his second coming.

Chiliasm

1000 years when Christ will reign before the judgment day.

"the Lord, the giver of life"

1 Cor. 15

1 Thess. 4:16-17 (rapture)

Caught up in the air

Rev. 20:1-6 (millennium)

Serpent is bound.

Who is the Holy Spirit? What is the Spirit's role in salvation? How does knowledge of the Spirit's work offer comfort for life, ministry, and missions?

What is repentance and why does Calvin describe it as dying and rising? What is the relationship between repentance and sanctification?

Sometimes Christians will describe themselves as "saved." Unpack this little word by answering the following questions giving biblical references for each answer: What are they saved from? What are they saved by? And what are they saved for?

Respond to the following statement: Reformed people believe that good works are an important part of salvation.

How do we understand the gifts of the Holy Spirit in the life of Christians and in the church? How has the Pentecostal movement helped the church in this regard?

Drawing on Pauline theology and the Reformed perspective, what does it mean to be "in Christ" and what does it mean to have Christ "in us"? How can the metaphor of adoption offer a picture of what it means to be united with Christ?

What is the relationship of faith to union with Christ? How is faith not a work?

Some Christians suggest that "being saved" entails having a "personal relationship to Christ." How would you respond to this claim? Is it biblical? If so, how would you explain what this means to someone new to the language of Christianity?

"Amazing grace how sweet the sound that saved a wretch like me." What does it mean to be saved? Unpack this little word by answering the following questions, giving biblical references for each answer: What are we saved from? What are we saved by? And what are we saved for?

If, as Billings suggests, our knowledge of God is dependent on God's accommodating self-revelation, especially through Jesus Christ, how important are our efforts to further accommodate the gospel to various cultures and contexts? Or, to use Billings' own question, "How should the fact that God has accommodated himself to us in Jesus Christ reorient our self-perceived needs and desires?"

Popular Christian writer Philip Yancey talks about the "new math" of grace. Why would he speak about grace in this way? Why, especially in North American culture, would grace be a type of 'new math'? Is there any biblical precedent for this wording?

Compare the basics of the doctrine of election as understood from McDonald's presentation of Barth, McDonald herself, and Calvin. What are the main points of each? What are strengths and weaknesses of each?

How is the doctrine of election both comforting and disturbing? What would you say to someone who comes to you worried about their own election? What would you say to someone who is sure they know who is "in" and who is "out"?

What two things does Calvin say prayer arises from?

Why is petitionary prayer a problem theologically and what are some possible responses to this problem?

Why does Calvin call prayer the "chief exercise of faith?"

Calvin writes that justification is the "key hinge on which religion turns." What is justification? How is it related to forgiveness? What barriers might you encounter in trying to teach or preach justification in 21st century N. America or the culture in which you live?

Why is union with Christ the fundamental aspect of the new reality of being a Christian? What does it mean to be "in Christ?" What does it mean that Christ is "in us?" What metaphor could be helpful for describing this?

Todd Billings suggests that union with Christ is shorthand for the gospel. How is union with Christ shorthand for the gospel and how does the metaphor of adoption offer a comprehensive picture of what it means to be united with Christ?

What is Calvin's "double-grace" and how, from a Reformed perspective, does this double-grace operate in the larger economy of salvation?

What is the doctrine of election? How would you explain this doctrine to someone in your church?

What is repentance and why does Calvin describe it as dying and rising? What is the relationship between repentance and sanctification?

Barth talks about "grace coming to us in the form of command." What does he mean by this? How can grace entail a command? How might this fit with the concepts of justification and sanctification?

What is the kingdom of God and what are some of its main features? Is the kingdom of God a present reality? What is the relationship between the kingdom of God and the church?

Is human death the result of sin or was human death the "natural" state of human persons even prior to the fall? Offer biblical support for your answer.

Michael Horton writes that the preaching is an "event generating discourse." Explain what is meant by this phrase (i.e., what is the function of preaching) and give a ministry example to illustrate your explanation.

How does baptism function as a means of grace? From a Reformed perspective, what does baptism effect or signify? Why should we baptize infants?

Suppose a couple in your church (CRC) does not think that infants should be baptized and would prefer their baby be dedicated. How would you help them better understand baptism from a Reformed perspective. What does baptism effect or signify? Why should we baptize infants?

How does the Lord's Supper function as a means of grace? What is really happening in the Lord's Supper and who should participate?

N. T. Wright asserts, "Resurrection isn't life after death; it is life after life after death." What does Wirght mean by this? What, according to Wright, happens when I die and what is our ultimate hope? Where, biblically, is there support for his view?

Who is the Holy Spirit ans what is the Holy Spirit's relationship to the world?

How does the Holy Spirit work today? What are the gifts of the Holy Spirit? What can we learn about the Spirit from the global church?

Why is it important to be united to Christ, and how is that union brought about?

What does the question, "Are you saved?" mean?

What is true faith? How is faith distinct from yet related to doubt and unbelief?

What is involved in genuine repentance and conversion?

How are repentance and forgiveness related? What are the mechanics of forgiveness? What exactly are we doing when we say "I forgive you" to someone who has wounded us or someone we love deeply? How is forgiveness a "craft" and how might Christians learn this craft and practice it? Is forgiveness in conflict with justice?

What does it mean to be justified? What is the proper relationship between faith and works?

What are some key differences between Calvin and Arminius (as Erickson presents his view)? What are some of the difficulties you see with each view? How do you think the doctrine of election is heard by people today?

What do you understand about Barth's view of election? How does McDonald use Barth to "reimagine" election? What are the strengths and weaknesses of this re-imaging?

What does it look like to be a Christian? How does the world see us? How should they see us?

Why is prayer the chief exercise of faith? How should we pray? What do we learn about prayer from the Lord's Prayer? Note at least three insights into prayer that you gained from Calvin.

What is the challenge and benefit of diversity of gifts of the Spirit? How should we understand ministry and ordination?

How do Word and sacraments both induce and confirm faith? How does baptism function as a means of grace? What does baptism effect or signify and who should be baptized?

How does the Lord's Supper function as a means of grace? What is really happening in the Lord's Supper and who should participate?

What are the origin, purpose, and characteristics of the church? What is the Spirit's role in the church?

What does it mean that the church is the people of God and the body of Christ? What is the church called to be?

What do Christians hope for? How does the tension between "already" and "not yet" pervade Scripture? What is the kingdom of God and why is it important today?

What did early Christians believe about the afterlife? How does our understanding of death affect the pastoral care we give to Christians who are dying or grieving?

Biblically, how should we understand the return of Christ, the rapture, and the millenium?

Oscar Cullman V-Day vs. D-Day.

Will the final judgment be a time of joy or sorrow? Is there hope for the evangelized in the final judgment? How should we understand Christ's resurrection and its relation to a promised future resurrection? What hope does the promised resurrection hold for those with broken bodies today?

What does the vision of the new heaven and new earth imply regarding how we should live today and care for the earth? What insights into the triune God and God's relation to our world do we find in the eschatalogical promises?