4.2 Virtualization Concepts Flashcards
What is Virtualization?
A Host computer installed with a hypervisor that can be used to install and manage multiple guest operating systems or virtual machines (VMs)
What is a type 1 hypervisor?
“Bare Metal”
This is a hypervisor that runs natively on the computers hardware, not inside of an operating system. Runs directly on the host hardware and functions as the operating system itself.
Examples: HyperV, XenServer, ESXi and vSphere
Guest OS Guest OS
Hypervisor
Hardware
Type 1
Whats is a type 2 hypervisor?
“Hosted”
This is a hypervisor that run within an O.S. - Essentially your hardware runs your native operating system, the O.S hosts the hypervisor which runs the virtualized O.S.
Examples: VMware Workstation or Virtualbox
Guest OS Guest OS
Hypervisor
Host OS
Hardware
Type 2
What are Terminal Services?
Server based solution that runs the application on servers in a centralized location. Users can access the application through a remote client protocol like RDP or Citrix’s ICA
Examples include: Microsoft Terminal Services or Citrix XenApp.
What is application streaming?
Client based solution that allows an application to be packed up and streamed directly to a users PC. It creates a sandbox version of an application that isolated from the users system.
Examples : Microsoft App-V
What is Containerization?
A type of virtualization applied by a host operating system to provision and isolated execution environment for and application.
It is commonly used with linux servers.
Examples include: Docker, Paralells Virtuoozo, OpenVZ
Why is containerization considered fairly secure?
Because it enforces resource segmentation and separation and the operating system level.
Why does containerization use less resources than traditional virtualization?
All containers are using the files from the Host OS. Where regular virtualization all VM’s require their own operating system.
What are the security benefits of catainerization?
None of the containers can natively talk to each other, unless you setup a virtual network.
What are the security risks of containerization?
If someone gains access to the root Host OS, they then will have access to all of the containers.
What does a Hypervisor do?
Manages the distribution of the physical resources of a server to the machines.
Does containerization require a hypervisor?
No, Each container relies on the host OS as the base for each container. The Host OS is almost alway linux.
What is Hyperconverged Infrastructure?
Allows for the full integration of the storage, network, and servers without hardware changes.
What is application virtualization?
Encapsulated computer programs from the underlying OS on which they are executed.
Definition: Technique of encapsulating an application from the underlying operating system, allowing it to run in an isolated environment.
What are the key benefits of application virtualization?
Isolation: Prevents conflicts with other applications or the OS.
Portability: Allows easy movement between different machines.
Compatibility: Facilitates running older apps on newer OS versions.
Security: Reduces risks of malware affecting the host system.
Efficiency: Optimizes resource usage by sharing resources with other virtualized apps.
What are some examples of application virtualization?
VMware ThinApp: Creates portable applications that run in their own virtual environment.
Microsoft App-V (Application Virtualization): Enables central deployment and management of virtualized applications.
Docker containers: Uses virtualization for deploying and managing applications in lightweight, portable containers.
