4.2 The Self as a Product of Modern Society among other Construction Flashcards
How do we perceive interaction
a conversation, an exchange of thoughts, listening, talking, influence, belief, and it may give signs or symbols.
We can say that everything we do in a society is involved with ______
interaction
What are the 3 theories
Symbolic Interactionism by George Herbert Mead
Looking Glass-Self by Charles Horton Cooley
Dramaturgy by Erving Goffman
Topics under George Herbert Mead
- I and Me
- Symbolic Interactionism
- Significant Symbol
- Nature of Symbols
What does Me mean in I and Me by George Herbert Mead?
Personne – Generalized – Masked Self
What does I mean in I and Me by George Herbert Mead
Moi – True self
the set of attitudes that a person assumes
Me, generalized others
Refers to the meanings, roles, and values of others that an individual organizes as part of their own self.
Me
The way which human internalize sets of attitudes from others.
Me
It is the immediate response of an individual to others.
I
Refers to the part of the self that is identified as having freedom of creativity.
I
Decides whether to act the same or differently to society
I
In interaction there are symbols
Symbolic Interactionism
Affects what Mead calls as the “Social Self”
Symbolic Interactionism
What is the “Social Self” by Mead?
development of the self
are the perceived meaning from interactions may it be from words or gestures
Symbols
3 Premises of Symbolic Interactionism
- Meaning
- Socialization
- Behaviors
Element of the human existence, as we live in the symbolic domain.
meaning
Every symbol has ____ within
meaning
People identify and shape their symbolic references through ______
Socialization
are learned processes, and therefore, a cultural dimension exist that connects the symbolic educational development.
Behaviors
Meaning of:
* Man as capable of having the idea of a self
* This transforms his relationship to the world, and gives his action a distinct character.
* Human being is an object to himself
- human being may perceive himself;
- communicate with himself; and
- act toward himself
the human being may become the ______ of his own _____
object, action
What are the 2 Symbolic Interaction and Institutions
Family
Religion
Symbolic interactionists argue that shared activities help to build emotional bonds, and that marriage and family relationships are based on ______
negotiated meanings
emphasizes that families reinforce and rejuvenate bonds through symbolic rituals such as family meals and holidays.
interactionist perspective
Focuses on the ways in which individuals interpret their religious experiences.
Religion
Once they are regarded as sacred, they take on special significance and give meaning to people’s lives
Religion
Types of Signs
- Signs
- Natural Signs
- Conventional Signs
Something that stands for something else
Sign
would exist only if there is an organism capable of perceiving and responding to it
Sign
found only in “natural” connection with the things for which they stand
Natural Signs
thing or event associated with other thing or event
Conventional Sign
Produced and controlled by the very organism that have learned to respond to it.
Conventional Sign
Looking the Glass Self by who?
Charles Horton Cooley
Who observes that people who dwell in the conformity tend to?
Charles Horton Cooley, perceive their familiar lifestyle as the standard norm
Who suggests that the ______ and ______ be abreast with each other and be put into harmony?
Charles Horton Cooley, self-feeling, social-feeling
individual’s perception and evaluation of themselves
self-feeling
one’s awareness and understanding of societal norms, values, and expectations
social-feeling
The idea of ______ is tied to its relations that comprises society (by who?)
self-freedom, Charles Horton Cooley
“if there is no communication there can be no nomenclature (naming things) and no developed thought.”
Charles Horton Cooley
Three Principle Elements of Looking Glass-self
- The imagination of our appearance to other person
- The imagination of his judgement to that appearance
- Some sort of self-feeling such as pride or mortification
Topics under Erving Goffman (Dramaturgy)
- Performer and Character
- Impression Management
- Dramatic Realization
- Front stage and back stage
The general concept that we make a presentation of ourselves to others is hardly a novel
Dramaturgy
According to dramaturgy, our performance in society shapes how we think of ourselves. True or False?
True
A theory by who that likens social interaction to the theater
Dramaturgy by Erving Goffman
Individuals can be seen as performers, audience members, and outsiders that operate within particular “stages” or ______
social spaces
Individual is divided into two basic parts; which are:
Performer and Character
A harried fabricator of impressions involved in the all human task of staging performance
Performer
a figure, typically a fine one, whose spirit, strength, and other sterling qualities the performers were designed to evoke.
Character
defined as a conscious decision on the part of the individual to reveal certain aspects of the self and to conceal others, as actors do when performing on stage.
Impression Management
Emphasizes that while in the presence of others, the individual typically infuses his activity with signs which dramatically highlight and portray confirmatory facts that might otherwise remain un- apparent or obscure
Dramatic Realization
We do dramatic realization through
- The expressions we give
- The expressions we give off
The expressions we give typically include
- Primarily the things we say,
- The intentional poses, facial expressions (smiles, surprise, etc.)
- Other controlled body language we emit;
2) The expressions we give off typically include
- the elements of our expressiveness over which we have less control;
- the inconsistencies between what we say and what we actually do,
- the body language which “gives us away” in some situations
What are our self-presentation motives or the reason why people act?
- Achieve personal goals
- Present a consistent and positive view of our self to the world
- Conform to social norm
What are the 2 social settings?
Front Stage and Back Stage
In the setting of a Back Stage,
- Individuals are free from the expectations and norms that influences behavior
- People more comfortable and often associated with “true self.”
In the setting of a Front Stage,
- The behavior is observed
- When individuals are aware that others are watching
- Behavior is reflected with the set norms in a given setting
Individual plays different roles represented by ______
acted behaviors
