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Vision stuff > 41B evaluation of the ocular motor system > Flashcards

41B evaluation of the ocular motor system Flashcards

1
Q

Define strabismus

A

-misalignment of the visual axes

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2
Q

What are the two types of strabismus?

A
  • paralytic (non-comitant)

- non-paralytic (comitant)

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3
Q

Paralytic is seen with what ages?

A

-adults

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4
Q

Non-paralytic is seen with what ages?

A

-kids usually under six

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5
Q

Paralytic characteristics?

A
  • adults
  • angle of deviation varies in different fields of gaze
  • diplopia
  • no amblyopia
  • muscle weakness is identified
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6
Q

Non-paralytic characteristics?

A
  • kids
  • angle of deviation remains constant in different fields of gaze
  • no diplopia
  • amblyopia
  • no muscle weakness is identified
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7
Q

Tropia

A

-visible deviation always

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8
Q

Phoria

A

-aligned unless fusion disrupted (like covering one eye_

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9
Q

Eso

A
  • inwards

- eyes crossed

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10
Q

Exo

A
  • out ward

- eyes in different directions

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11
Q

Hyper

A

-one eye higher than the other

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12
Q

Hypo

A

-one eye lower than the other

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13
Q

Define vergence

A

-movement of both eyes in opposite directions

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14
Q

Define nystagmus

A

-to and from oscillations of eyes

horizontal, vertical, or rotary

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15
Q

Jerk nystagmus

A
  • slow then fast recovery

- indicates neurologic process

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16
Q

Pendular nystagmus

A
  • equal amplitude to and fro

- indicates poor vision

17
Q

Binocular dilopia is the result of

A

-misalignment of the visual axes

18
Q

What causes binocular diplopia?

A

often results from paresis or paralysis of one of the cranial nerves that innervate EOM

19
Q

Cranial nerve II palsy?

A
  • weakness of MR, SR, IR, IO
  • Ptosis
  • non reactive pupil
  • eye is down and out
  • may be partial or total
20
Q

Posterior communicating artery aneurysm

A
  • may causes CN III palsy with pupil involved

- Headaches

21
Q

CN III palsy with normal pupil

A

-indicates microvascular cause
-older pt
-common with diabetes and HTN
may have mild pain at onset
-recovery within 3-4 months

22
Q

Cranial nerve VI palsy

A
  • weakness of LR with esotropia
  • esotropia and diplopia increase on gaze to the side of the lesion
  • non-localizing neurologic sign
23
Q

Causes of Cranial nerve VI palsy

A
  • increased ICP
  • tumor
  • trauma
  • stroke
  • microvascular

Vision stuff (2 decks)

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